branden
branden c sg
From Middle Dutch branden, a backformation from the past forms brande, gebrant of barnen, bernen, from Old Dutch *bernan, metathesis of brennan, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną. Displaced the form barnen. The sense “to write to a storage medium” is a semantic loan from English burn.
According to Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands, the Middle Dutch past forms brande, gebrant were formed anew from barnde, gebarnt by analogy with the related noun brand (“fire”), thus involving a kind of "re-metathesis". However, it appears more plausible that those forms survived unaltered (alongside the regularised forms) because the consonant cluster -nd- hampered the metathesis (as it clearly did in brand). The regular a-vocalism is due to Rückumlaut (cf. German brannte, gebrannt). Only the backformation of the present stem brand- would have been influenced by the noun.
branden
| Inflection of branden (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | branden | |||
| past singular | brandde | |||
| past participle | gebrand | |||
| infinitive | branden | |||
| gerund | branden n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | brand | brandde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | brandt | brandde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | brandt | brandde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | brandt | brandde | ||
| 3rd person singular | brandt | brandde | ||
| plural | branden | brandden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | brande | brandde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | branden | brandden | ||
| imperative sing. | brand | |||
| imperative plur.1 | brandt | |||
| participles | brandend | gebrand | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
branden
branden
| Audio | (file) |
branden (weak, third-person singular present brandet, past tense brandete, past participle gebrandet, auxiliary haben)
| infinitive | branden | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | brandend | ||||
| past participle | gebrandet | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich brande | wir branden | i | ich brande | wir branden |
| du brandest | ihr brandet | du brandest | ihr brandet | ||
| er brandet | sie branden | er brande | sie branden | ||
| preterite | ich brandete | wir brandeten | ii | ich brandete1 | wir brandeten1 |
| du brandetest | ihr brandetet | du brandetest1 | ihr brandetet1 | ||
| er brandete | sie brandeten | er brandete1 | sie brandeten1 | ||
| imperative | brand (du) brande (du) |
brandet (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
branden
| Weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | branden | |
| 3rd sg. past | — | |
| 3rd pl. past | — | |
| Past participle | — | |
| Infinitive | branden | |
| In genitive | brandens | |
| In dative | brandene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | brande | — |
| 2nd singular | brants, brandes | — |
| 3rd singular | brant, brandet | — |
| 1st plural | branden | — |
| 2nd plural | brant, brandet | — |
| 3rd plural | branden | — |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | brande | — |
| 2nd singular | brants, brandes | — |
| 3rd singular | brande | — |
| 1st plural | branden | — |
| 2nd plural | brant, brandet | — |
| 3rd plural | branden | — |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | brant, brande | |
| Plural | brant, brandet | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | brandende | — |
From brand + -en (infinitival suffix).
branden
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
branden