brandir

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *brandīre, from *brandus, from Frankish *brand.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic)
• IPA^(key): (Valencian)

Verb

brandir (first-person singular present brandeixo, first-person singular preterite brandí, past participle brandit)

1. Synonym of brandar

Conjugation

Related terms

• brandar

Further reading

• “brandir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “brandir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “brandir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “brandir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French and Old French brandir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bʁɑ̃.diʁ/

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

brandir

1. to brandish (a weapon)

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Descendants

• → Spanish: blandir

Further reading

• “brandir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese brandir (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Borrowed from Old French brandir or either from Old Occitan brandir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

brandir (first-person singular present brando, first-person singular preterite brandín, past participle brandido)
brandir (first-person singular present brando, first-person singular preterite brandim or brandi, past participle brandido, reintegrationist norm)

1. (transitive) to brandish (to move a weapon)

Conjugation

Derived terms

• brandear (“to wave, wag”)

References

• “brandir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “brandir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “brandir” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan brandir, from Vulgar Latin *brandiō, from *brandus, from Frankish *brand.

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

brandir

1. to brandish (a weapon)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of brandir in Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		brandir			?er brandit
past participle		brandit			—
gerund		brandissent			?ent brandit
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	brandissi	brandisses	brandís	brandissèm	brandissètz	brandisson
	imperfect	brandissiái	brandissiás	brandissiá	brandissiam	brandissiatz	brandissián
	preterite	brandiguèri	brandiguères	brandiguèt	brandiguèrem	brandiguèretz	brandiguèron
	future	brandirai	brandiràs	brandirà	brandirem	brandiretz	brandiràn
	conditional	brandiriái	brandiriás	brandiriá	brandiriam	brandiriatz	brandirián
	conditional 2nd form1	brandiguèra	brandiguèras	brandiguèra	brandigueram	brandigueratz	brandiguèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of ?er plus the past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of ?er plus the past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of ?er plus the past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of ?er plus the past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of ?er plus the past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	brandisca	brandiscas	brandisca	brandiscam	brandiscatz	brandiscan
	imperfect	brandiguèsse	brandiguèsses	brandiguèsse	brandiguèssem	brandiguèssetz	brandiguèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			brandís		brandiscam	brandissetz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Old French

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *brandus and ultimately of Germanic origin.

Verb

brandir

1. to brandish (a weapon)

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Descendants

• Middle French: brandir
  • French: brandir
• → Middle English: braundischen, braundishen
  • English: brandish

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Occitan brandir.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: bran‧dir

Verb

brandir (first-person singular present brando, first-person singular preterite brandi, past participle brandido)

1. (transitive) to brandish (to move a weapon)

Conjugation

References