darīt

Originally the iterative counterpart of an earlier verb *dert (“to tear, to split”), from Proto-Baltic *der-, from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to split, to tear, to peel”). The meaning evolved as follows: “to tear, to split” > “to cut, to chop (wood)” (cf. the derived form darināt kokus “to pear, to cut (branches) off (a tree)”) > “to make by cutting (e.g., like a carpenter)” > “to make, to do.” Cognates include Lithuanian darýti (“to do, to make”).^[1]

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darīt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present daru, dari, dara, past darīju)

1. to do (to carry out, to realize something, to be busy with something)

   darīt mājas darbus ― to do house work

   darīt darāmo ― to do what is to be done, what needs to be done

   parādīt, kas jādara ― to show what needs to be done

   ko tu tur dari? ― what are you doing there?

   jāsāk kaut ko darīt ― (we) have to start doing something

   nē, mājās nav ko darīt ― no, at home there is nothing to do

   Ints vairs nedarīja nekā; sastindzis, nekustīgs viņš gulēja gultā ― Ints didn't do anything anymore; stunned, he just lay immobile in bed

   lamatas!... kur skriet?... kur bēgt? ir kaut kas jādara!... ― a trap!... where to run?... where to flee? there must be something to do!...

   “iesim, iesim”, sacīja Andriksons, “jālūko dzēst; darīsim, ko spēsim” ― “let's go, let's go,” Andriksons said, “we have to try to put it (= fire) out; we'll do what we can”

2. to do, to make (to behave in a certain way, e.g., to cause something to happen)

   darīt nedarbus ― to make mischief

   darīt muļķības ― to do stupid things

   darīt blēņas ― to do pranks

   nedarīt neko sliktu ― to not do anything bad, wrong

   darīt visu, kas ienāk prātā ― to do everything that comes to mind

   es to nedrīkstu darīt ― I may not (= am not allowed) to do that

   dara, ko grib ― (he) does what (he) wants

   dara, kā patīk ― (he) does as (he) pleases

   pareizi darīts ― well, correctly done

   aplam darīts ― badly, wrongly done

   tā nedrīkst darīt ― one may not do (= act) like that

3. to do, to make, to cause (to create, originate something with one's actions, behavior; to change the state (of someone, something) with one's action, behavior, existence)

   darīt sāpes ― to cause pain

   dāvana dara zēnam prieku ― the gift made joy to the boy (= made him happy)

   nedarīt kaunu savam kolektīvam ― to not cause shame to one's team

   slaucējs jautājoši uzlūkoja Lieni: “madāma man atkal dara netaisnību”, šī sacīja ― the milker looked questioningly at Liene: “again madam does injustice (= is unfair) to me,” she said

   ko pats negribi sev darām, to nedari citiem ― what you don't want done to yourself, don't do to others

   saki, ko lai es daru melnajam runcim? ― tell me, what do (= should) I do to the black (tom)cat?

   smaids darīja seju pievilcīgu ― a smile made (his) face attractive

   skarbais noraidījums darīja neiespējamas tālākas pārrunas ― harsh rejection made further negotiations impossible

   labi izvēlētas atskaņas dara dzejas valodu fonētiski skanīgāku ― well-chsosen rhymes make poetic language phonetically more resonant, melodious

4. (rare, of food, drinks, especially beer) to make, to prepare

   darīt alu, sviestu ― to make beer, butter

   darīt desas ― to make sausages

5. (dated sense, of objects) to make

   darīt pastalas ― to make pastalas (= primitive shoes)

   sīki putni ligzdu dara ― small birds make (their) nests

6. (dated sense) to close (with ciet, older cieti; compare German zumachen)

   jūs acis cieti darāt ― you close your eyes

• (of "carry out", "perform"): izpildīt, veikt
• (of "make", "produce"): darināt, gatavot, taisīt, veidot
• (of "close"): aizvērt

prefixed verbs:

other derived terms:

• darījums
• darināt
• darītājs, darītāja