سال

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See also: ساڵ, سأل, and شال

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
س ي ل (s y l)
6 terms

Verb

سَالَ (sāla) I (non-past يَسِيلُ (yasīlu), verbal noun سَيْل (sayl) or سَيَلَان (sayalān))

  1. to flow, to run
  2. to stretch over a horse's forehead and nose (of a white spot)
Conjugation

Etymology 2

From the root س و ل (s-w-l), alternative form of س ء ل (s-ʔ-l).

Verb

سَالَ (sāla) I (non-past يَسَالُ (yasālu), verbal noun ?)

  1. (dialectal) Alternative form of سَأَلَ (saʔala)
Conjugation

References

Baluchi

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *carHdáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts.

Noun

سال (sál)

  1. year

Kashmiri

Pronunciation

Noun

سال (sālf (Devanagari साल)

  1. sister-in-law (wife’s sister)

Noun

سال (sālm (Devanagari साल)

  1. invitation to a function (a dinner, lunch, etc.)

Moroccan Arabic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /saːl/
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

Root
س ي ل
1 term

From Arabic سَالَ (sāla).

Verb

سال (sāl) I (non-past يسيل (ysīl))

  1. to flow, to run
Conjugation
    Conjugation of سال
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m سلت (salt) سلتي (salti) سال (sāl) سلنا (salna) سلتوا (saltu) سالوا (sālu)
f سالت (sālet)
non-past m نسيل (nsīl) تسيل (tsīl) يسيل (ysīl) نسيلوا (nsīlu) تسيلوا (tsīlu) يسيلوا (ysīlu)
f تسيلي (tsīli) تسيل (tsīl)
imperative m سيل (sīl) سيلوا (sīlu)
f سيلي (sīli)

Etymology 2

Root
س و ل
1 term

From Arabic سَأَلَ (saʔala).

Verb

سال (sāl) I (non-past يسال (ysāl))

  1. to be owed money
  2. (dated) to ask
    Synonyms: سقصى (saqṣa), سول (sawwal)
Conjugation
    Conjugation of سال
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m سلت (salt) سلتي (salti) سال (sāl) سلنا (salna) سلتوا (saltu) سالوا (sālu)
f سالت (sālet)
non-past m نسال (nsāl) تسال (tsāl) يسال (ysāl) نسالوا (nsālu) تسالوا (tsālu) يسالوا (ysālu)
f تسالي (tsāli) تسال (tsāl)
imperative m سال (sāl) سالوا (sālu)
f سالي (sāli)

Persian

Etymology

    From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭭𐭲 (sāl), from Old Persian 𐎰𐎼𐎭 (θ-r-d /⁠θard⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *carHdáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts.

    Pronunciation

    Readings
    Classical reading? sāl
    Dari reading? sāl
    Iranian reading? sâl
    Tajik reading? sol

    Noun

    Dari سال
    Iranian Persian
    Tajik сол

    سال (sâl) (plural سال‌ها (sâl-hâ) or سالیان (sâliyân))

    1. year

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Azerbaijani: sal
    • Bengali: সাল (śal)
    • Gujarati: સાલ (sāl)
    • Hindustani:
      Hindi: साल (sāl)
      Urdu: سال (sāl)
    • Punjabi:
    • Sindhi: سال

    References

    • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “sāl”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
    • Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 220

    Punjabi

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Classical Persian سال (sāl).

    Noun

    سال (sālm (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਲ)

    1. year

    Further reading

    • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “سال”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

    Saraiki

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Classical Persian سال (sāl).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    سال (sālm

    1. year

    Sindhi

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Classical Persian سال (sāl).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    سال (sālum (Devanagari सालु)

    1. year

    Urdu

    Pronunciation

    Etymology 1

    Borrowed from Classical Persian سال (sāl).

    Noun

    سال (sālm (Hindi spelling साल)

    1. year

    Etymology 2

    From Sanskrit शाल (śāla).

    Noun

    سال (sālm (Hindi spelling साल)

    1. saul tree and its wood (Shorea robusta)

    Etymology 3

    From Sanskrit शल्य (śalya).

    Noun

    سال (sālm (Hindi spelling साल)

    1. thorn

    Etymology 4

    From Sanskrit शाला (śālā).

    Noun

    سال (sālf (Hindi spelling साल)

    1. house
    2. hall
    3. place

    Etymology 5

    From Sanskrit शृगाल (śṛgāla).

    Noun

    سال (sālm (Hindi spelling साल)

    1. jackal

    Uyghur

    Etymology

    From Proto-Turkic *sāl.[1][2] Cognates with Turkish sal.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    سال (sal) (plural ساللار (sallar))

    1. a raft

    References

    1. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “sa:l”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 824
    2. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*sāl”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

    Further reading

    • Schwarz, Henry G. (1992) An Uyghur-English Dictionary (East Asian Research Aids & Translations; 3), Bellingham, Washington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, →ISBN