From the root ش ه ر (š-h-r). Compare Aramaic סהרא and Old South Arabian 𐩦𐩠𐩧 (s²hr, “beginning of the lunar month”).
Audio | (file) |
شَهَرَ • (šahara) I, non-past يَشْهَرُ (yašharu)
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
شَهْر or شُهْرَة šahr or šuhra | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
šāhir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mašhūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šahartu |
šaharta |
شَهَرَ šahara |
šahartumā |
šaharā |
šaharnā |
šahartum |
šaharū | |||
f | šaharti |
šaharat |
šaharatā |
šahartunna |
šaharna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔašharu |
tašharu |
yašharu |
tašharāni |
yašharāni |
našharu |
tašharūna |
yašharūna | |||
f | tašharīna |
tašharu |
tašharāni |
tašharna |
yašharna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔašhara |
tašhara |
yašhara |
tašharā |
yašharā |
našhara |
tašharū |
yašharū | |||
f | tašharī |
tašhara |
tašharā |
tašharna |
yašharna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔašhar |
tašhar |
yašhar |
tašharā |
yašharā |
našhar |
tašharū |
yašharū | |||
f | tašharī |
tašhar |
tašharā |
tašharna |
yašharna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | išhar |
išharā |
išharū |
||||||||
f | išharī |
išharna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šuhirtu |
šuhirta |
شُهِرَ šuhira |
šuhirtumā |
šuhirā |
šuhirnā |
šuhirtum |
šuhirū | |||
f | šuhirti |
šuhirat |
šuhiratā |
šuhirtunna |
šuhirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔušharu |
tušharu |
yušharu |
tušharāni |
yušharāni |
nušharu |
tušharūna |
yušharūna | |||
f | tušharīna |
tušharu |
tušharāni |
tušharna |
yušharna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔušhara |
tušhara |
yušhara |
tušharā |
yušharā |
nušhara |
tušharū |
yušharū | |||
f | tušharī |
tušhara |
tušharā |
tušharna |
yušharna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔušhar |
tušhar |
yušhar |
tušharā |
yušharā |
nušhar |
tušharū |
yušharū | |||
f | tušharī |
tušhar |
tušharā |
tušharna |
yušharna |
شَهَّرَ • (šahhara) II, non-past يُشَهِّرُ (yušahhiru)
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tašhīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mušahhir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mušahhar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šahhartu |
šahharta |
شَهَّرَ šahhara |
šahhartumā |
šahharā |
šahharnā |
šahhartum |
šahharū | |||
f | šahharti |
šahharat |
šahharatā |
šahhartunna |
šahharna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔušahhiru |
tušahhiru |
yušahhiru |
tušahhirāni |
yušahhirāni |
nušahhiru |
tušahhirūna |
yušahhirūna | |||
f | tušahhirīna |
tušahhiru |
tušahhirāni |
tušahhirna |
yušahhirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔušahhira |
tušahhira |
yušahhira |
tušahhirā |
yušahhirā |
nušahhira |
tušahhirū |
yušahhirū | |||
f | tušahhirī |
tušahhira |
tušahhirā |
tušahhirna |
yušahhirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔušahhir |
tušahhir |
yušahhir |
tušahhirā |
yušahhirā |
nušahhir |
tušahhirū |
yušahhirū | |||
f | tušahhirī |
tušahhir |
tušahhirā |
tušahhirna |
yušahhirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | شَهِّرْ šahhir |
šahhirā |
šahhirū |
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f | šahhirī |
šahhirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šuhhirtu |
šuhhirta |
شُهِّرَ šuhhira |
šuhhirtumā |
šuhhirā |
šuhhirnā |
šuhhirtum |
šuhhirū | |||
f | šuhhirti |
šuhhirat |
šuhhiratā |
šuhhirtunna |
šuhhirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔušahharu |
tušahharu |
yušahharu |
tušahharāni |
yušahharāni |
nušahharu |
tušahharūna |
yušahharūna | |||
f | tušahharīna |
tušahharu |
tušahharāni |
tušahharna |
yušahharna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔušahhara |
tušahhara |
yušahhara |
tušahharā |
yušahharā |
nušahhara |
tušahharū |
yušahharū | |||
f | tušahharī |
tušahhara |
tušahharā |
tušahharna |
yušahharna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔušahhar |
tušahhar |
yušahhar |
tušahharā |
yušahharā |
nušahhar |
tušahharū |
yušahharū | |||
f | tušahharī |
tušahhar |
tušahharā |
tušahharna |
yušahharna |
شَهْر • (šahr) m (plural أَشْهُر (ʔašhur) or شُهُور (šuhūr))
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
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Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَهْر šahr |
الشَّهْر aš-šahr |
شَهْر šahr |
Nominative | شَهْرٌ šahrun |
الشَّهْرُ aš-šahru |
شَهْرُ šahru |
Accusative | شَهْرًا šahran |
الشَّهْرَ aš-šahra |
شَهْرَ šahra |
Genitive | شَهْرٍ šahrin |
الشَّهْرِ aš-šahri |
شَهْرِ šahri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَهْرَيْن šahrayn |
الشَّهْرَيْن aš-šahrayn |
شَهْرَيْ šahray |
Nominative | شَهْرَانِ šahrāni |
الشَّهْرَانِ aš-šahrāni |
شَهْرَا šahrā |
Accusative | شَهْرَيْنِ šahrayni |
الشَّهْرَيْنِ aš-šahrayni |
شَهْرَيْ šahray |
Genitive | شَهْرَيْنِ šahrayni |
الشَّهْرَيْنِ aš-šahrayni |
شَهْرَيْ šahray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَشْهُر; شُهُور ʔašhur; šuhūr |
الْأَشْهُر; الشُّهُور al-ʔašhur; aš-šuhūr |
أَشْهُر; شُهُور ʔašhur; šuhūr |
Nominative | أَشْهُرٌ; شُهُورٌ ʔašhurun; šuhūrun |
الْأَشْهُرُ; الشُّهُورُ al-ʔašhuru; aš-šuhūru |
أَشْهُرُ; شُهُورُ ʔašhuru; šuhūru |
Accusative | أَشْهُرًا; شُهُورًا ʔašhuran; šuhūran |
الْأَشْهُرَ; الشُّهُورَ al-ʔašhura; aš-šuhūra |
أَشْهُرَ; شُهُورَ ʔašhura; šuhūra |
Genitive | أَشْهُرٍ; شُهُورٍ ʔašhurin; šuhūrin |
الْأَشْهُرِ; الشُّهُورِ al-ʔašhuri; aš-šuhūri |
أَشْهُرِ; شُهُورِ ʔašhuri; šuhūri |
شهر • (šahr) m (dual شهرين (šahrēn), plural شهور (šuhūr), paucal تشهر (tušhur))
شهر • (šhar) m (dual شهرين (šahrayn), plural شهور (šhūr) or شهورة (šhūra))
Gregorian calendar months in Moroccan Arabic · شهور التقويم الميلادي (šhūr et-taqwīm el-mīlādi) (layout · text) | |||
---|---|---|---|
January | February | March | April |
شهر واحد (šhar wāḥid) يناير (yanāyir) |
شهر جوج (šhar jūj) فبراير (fibrāyir) |
شهر تلاتة (šhar tlāta) مارس (māris) |
شهر ربعة (šhar rabʕa) أبريل (abrīl) |
May | June | July | August |
شهر خمسة (šhar ḵamsa) ماي (māy) |
شهر ستة (šhar sitta) يونيو (yūnyu) |
شهر سبعة (šhar sabʕa) يوليوز (yūlyūz) |
شهر تمنية (šhar tmanya) غشت (ḡušt) |
September | October | November | December |
شهر تسعة (šhar tisʕa) شهر تسعود (šhar tisʕūd) شتنبر (šutanbir) |
شهر عشرة (šhar ʕašra) أكتوبر (ʔuktūbar) |
شهر حداش (šhar ḥdāš) نونبر (nuwanbir) |
شهر تناش (šhar tnāš) دجنبر (dujanbir) |
Borrowed from Persian شهر (šahr, “city, town”).
شهر • (şehir)
Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩 (štry /šahr/) (compare Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (x-š-ç-m /xšaça-/)), from Proto-Iranian *xšaθram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám. Compare Pashto ښار (ẍâr) and Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra).
Audio | (file) |
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | šahr |
Dari reading? | šahr |
Iranian reading? | šahr |
Tajik reading? | šahr |
Dari | شهر |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | шаҳр |
شَهْر • (šahr) (plural شهرها (šahr-hâ))
شهر • (šahr) m (plural أشهر (ʔašhor) or شهور (šhūr))
Gregorian calendar months in South Levantine Arabic · أشهر التقويم الميلادي (ʔašhor it-taqwīm il-mīlādi) (layout · text) | |||
---|---|---|---|
January | February | March | April |
شهر واحد (šahr wāḥad), كانون التاني (kānūn it-tāni) |
شهر تنين (šahr tnēn), شباط (šbāṭ) |
شهر تلاتة (šahr talāte), آذار (ʔāḏār) |
شهر أربعة (šahr arbaʕa), نيسان (nīsān) |
May | June | July | August |
شهر خمسة (šahr ḵamse), أيّار (ʔayyār) |
شهر ستّة (šahr sitte), حزيران (ḥazīrān) |
شهر سبعة (šahr sabʕa), تمّوز (tammūz) |
شهر تمانية (šahr tamanye), آب (ʔāb) |
September | October | November | December |
شهر تسعة (šahr tisʕa), أيلول (ʔēlūl) |
شهر عشرة (šahr ʕašara), تشرين الأوّل (tišrīn il-ʔawwal) |
شهر حدعش (šahr ḥdaʕš), تشرين التاني (tišrīn it-tāni) |
شهر تنعش (šahr tnaʕš), كانون الأوّل (kānūn il-ʔawwal) |
شهر (šhar) m (dual شهرين (šahrīn), plural أشهرة (ušhra))
Gregorian calendar months in Tunisian Arabic · أشهرة سوري (layout · text) | |||
---|---|---|---|
January | February | March | April |
جانفي | فيفري | مارس | أفريل |
May | June | July | August |
ماي | جوان | جويلية | أوت |
September | October | November | December |
سبتمبر | أكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر |