घटना

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Hindi

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɡʱəʈ.nɑː/,

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit घटना (ghaṭanā). Compare to Bengali ঘটনা (ghôṭôna).

Noun

घटना (ghaṭnāf (Urdu spelling گَھٹْنَا)

  1. event, occurrence
  2. incident
  3. accident
Declension
Declension of घटना (fem ā-stem)
singular plural
direct घटना
ghaṭnā
घटनाएँ
ghaṭnāẽ
oblique घटना
ghaṭnā
घटनाओं
ghaṭnāõ
vocative घटना
ghaṭnā
घटनाओ
ghaṭnāo

Etymology 2

Hindi verb set
घटना (ghaṭnā)
घटाना (ghaṭānā)
घटवाना (ghaṭvānā)

Inherited from Old Hindi घटना (ghaṭanā), from Prakrit घट्टइ (ghaṭṭaï, to be ruined, *to decrease or be wanting). See there for more.

Verb

घटना (ghaṭnā) (intransitive, Urdu spelling گَھٹْنَا)

  1. to decrease, to decline, to dwindle
  2. to be lost, reduced, lowered
Conjugation

Further reading

Old Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀖𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇 (ghaṭṭaï), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀖𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀢𑀺 (*ghaṭṭati). Cognate with Old Punjabi ਘਟਿ (ghaṭi /⁠ghaṭṭi⁠/).

Verb

घटना (ghaṭanā)

  1. to be missing, be less
    • c. 1420, Kabīr, Kabīr Vāṇī 206.2:
      तुलह न तोली गजाह न मापी, पहजन सेर अढाई
      अढाई मौंहि जे पाव घटइ, तौ करकच करै बजहाई
      tulaha na tolī gajāha na māpī, pahajana sera aḍhāī
      aḍhāī ma͠uhi je pāva ghaṭai, tau karakaca karai bajahāī
      did not weigh on a scale, did not measure in gaz
      approximately two and half ser; if in two and half one quarter is missing, the remainder/fragment complains

Descendants

  • Braj: घटन (ghaṭan)
  • Hindustani:
    Hindi: घटना (ghaṭnā)
    Urdu: گَھٹْنَا (ghaṭnā)

Further reading

  • Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC, page 530
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*ghaṭṭati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 238

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Feminine form of घटन (ghaṭana, connection or union with).

Pronunciation

Noun

घटना (ghaṭanā) stemf (Classical Sanskrit)

  1. exertion, motion, acting, manner of acting
  2. striving after, being occupied or busy with
  3. taking effect, answering, accomplishment
  4. connection, union with
  5. (= °ट) a troop (of elephants)
  6. a literary composition
  7. a work consisting of
  8. happening, occurring, occurrence, event, incident, phenomenon

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of घटना
singular dual plural
nominative घटना (ghaṭanā) घटने (ghaṭane) घटनाः (ghaṭanāḥ)
accusative घटनाम् (ghaṭanām) घटने (ghaṭane) घटनाः (ghaṭanāḥ)
instrumental घटनया (ghaṭanayā) घटनाभ्याम् (ghaṭanābhyām) घटनाभिः (ghaṭanābhiḥ)
dative घटनायै (ghaṭanāyai) घटनाभ्याम् (ghaṭanābhyām) घटनाभ्यः (ghaṭanābhyaḥ)
ablative घटनायाः (ghaṭanāyāḥ) घटनाभ्याम् (ghaṭanābhyām) घटनाभ्यः (ghaṭanābhyaḥ)
genitive घटनायाः (ghaṭanāyāḥ) घटनयोः (ghaṭanayoḥ) घटनानाम् (ghaṭanānām)
locative घटनायाम् (ghaṭanāyām) घटनयोः (ghaṭanayoḥ) घटनासु (ghaṭanāsu)
vocative घटने (ghaṭane) घटने (ghaṭane) घटनाः (ghaṭanāḥ)

Descendants

References