永久

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Chinese

forever; always; perpetual(ly) (long) time; (long) duration of time
simp. and trad.
(永久) 		永 久

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 永 久
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 庚 (112) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 于憬切 舉有切
Baxter hjwaengX kjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦˠwiæŋX/ /kɨuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦʷᵚiaŋX/ /kiuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣiuaŋX/ /kiəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦwiajŋX/ /kuwX/
Li
Rong 		/ɣiuɐŋX/ /kiuX/
Wang
Li 		/ɣĭwɐŋX/ /kĭəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯wɐŋX/ /ki̯ə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yǒng jiǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wing5 gau2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 永 久
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yǒng jiǔ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hjwængX › ‹ kjuwX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʷraŋʔ/ /*ʷəʔ/
English long (time) a long time

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 永 久
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 15423 6969
Phonetic
component 		永 久
Rime
group 		陽 之
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		永 久
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢʷraŋʔ/ /*kʷlɯʔ/

Adjective

永久

  1. permanent; long-lasting; eternal

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
永 久
えい
Grade: 5 		きゅう
Grade: 5
on'yomi

Adjective

永(えい)久(きゅう) • (eikyū) ←えいきう (eikiu)?-na (adnominal 永(えい)久(きゅう)な (eikyū na), adverbial 永(えい)久(きゅう)に (eikyū ni))

  1. eternal
Inflection
Inflection of 永久
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 永久だろ えいきゅうだろ eikyū daro
Continuative (連用形) 永久で えいきゅうで eikyū de
Terminal (終止形) 永久だ えいきゅうだ eikyū da
Attributive (連体形) 永久な えいきゅうな eikyū na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 永久なら えいきゅうなら eikyū nara
Imperative (命令形) 永久であれ えいきゅうであれ eikyū de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 永久ではない
永久じゃない 		えいきゅうではない
えいきゅうじゃない 		eikyū de wa nai
eikyū ja nai
Informal past 永久だった えいきゅうだった eikyū datta
Informal negative past 永久ではなかった
永久じゃなかった 		えいきゅうではなかった
えいきゅうじゃなかった 		eikyū de wa nakatta
eikyū ja nakatta
Formal 永久です えいきゅうです eikyū desu
Formal negative 永久ではありません
永久じゃありません 		えいきゅうではありません
えいきゅうじゃありません 		eikyū de wa arimasen
eikyū ja arimasen
Formal past 永久でした えいきゅうでした eikyū deshita
Formal negative past 永久ではありませんでした
永久じゃありませんでした 		えいきゅうではありませんでした
えいきゅうじゃありませんでした 		eikyū de wa arimasen deshita
eikyū ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 永久で えいきゅうで eikyū de
Conditional 永久なら（ば） えいきゅうなら（ば） eikyū nara (ba)
Provisional 永久だったら えいきゅうだったら eikyū dattara
Volitional 永久だろう えいきゅうだろう eikyū darō
Adverbial 永久に えいきゅうに eikyū ni
Degree 永久さ えいきゅうさ eikyūsa

Noun

永(えい)久(きゅう) • (eikyū) ←えいきう (eikiu)?

  1. permanence; continuing forever; being timeless; being eternally unchanging; eternity
Synonyms

Proper noun

 永久 (年号) on Japanese Wikipedia
 Eikyū on Wikipedia

永(えい)久(きゅう) • (Eikyū) ←えいきう (Eikiu)?

  1. the Eikyū era, 1113–1118
See also

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
永 久
とわ
Grade: 5 Grade: 5
jukujikun
For pronunciation and definitions of 永久 – see the following entry.
【とわ】
constant, permanent, everlasting
eternity
constancy, permanence, everlastingness
Alternative spellings
永遠, 常
(This term, 永久, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
永 久
とこしえ
Grade: 5 Grade: 5
jukujikun
For pronunciation and definitions of 永久 – see the following entry.
【とこしえ】
eternal, permanent
eternity, permanence
Alternative spellings
常しえ, 長しえ, 永久しえ
(This term, 永久, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
永 久
とこしなえ
Grade: 5 Grade: 5
jukujikun
For pronunciation and definitions of 永久 – see the following entry.
【とこしなえ】
the way in which something continues unchanged for a long period of time; eternal, everlasting
This term needs a translation to English.
Alternative spellings
常しなえ, 長しなえ
(This term, 永久, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
永久

Noun

永久 • (yeonggu) (hangeul 영구)

  1. hanja form? of 영구

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
永久

Adjective

永久

  1. chữ Hán form of vĩnh cửu (“everlasting”).
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