韭菜
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韭菜 (1)
Chinese
| leek | dish (type of food); vegetables | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (韭菜) | 韭 | 菜 | |
| simp. #(韭菜) | 韭 | 菜 | |
| alternative forms | 韮菜 | ||
Etymology
The neologism sense comes from the fact that garlic chives are able to regrow after their part above the ground is cut off.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jiu3 cai4
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): jiùcai
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): jiǔcāi
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gau2 coi3
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): gaau2 cui3
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): giu2 toi1-4
- Gan (Wiktionary): jiu3 cai
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jiou2 cai3
- Eastern Min (BUC): giū-chái
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gu3 cai4
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): gau2 caai3
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang
- (Changsha, Wiktionary): jiou3 cai4
- (Loudi, Wiktionary): jiou3 ce4*
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄘㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiǒucài
- Wade–Giles: chiu3-tsʻai4
- Yale: jyǒu-tsài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeoutsay
- Palladius: цзюцай (czjucaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
- Homophones:
酒菜
韭菜
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: jiu3 cai4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giucai
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiəu⁵³ t͡sʰai²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: jiùcai
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiɤu⁵³ t͡sʰæ/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: jiǔcāi
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): jiu3 cai4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiəɯ¹¹ t͡sʰɛ⁴⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gau2 coi3
- Yale: gáu choi
- Cantonese Pinyin: gau2 tsoi3
- Guangdong Romanization: geo2 coi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: gaau2 cui3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kau³⁵ t͡sʰui³²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: giu2 toi1-4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiu⁵⁵ tʰᵘɔi³³⁻²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: jiu3 cai
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiu²¹³⁻²¹ t͡sʰai¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiú-chhoi
- Hakka Romanization System: giuˋ coi
- Hagfa Pinyim: giu3 coi4
- Sinological IPA: /ki̯u³¹ t͡sʰoi̯⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: giuˊ coiˇ
- Sinological IPA: /kiu²⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰoi¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: jiou2 cai3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiəu⁵³ t͡sʰai⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: giū-chái
- Sinological IPA (key): /kieu³³⁻⁵⁵ (t͡sʰ-)ʒɑi²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gu3 cai4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku⁴⁵³⁻²¹ (t͡sʰ-)lai⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gu3 cai4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku³³²⁻²¹ (t͡sʰ-)lai⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: gau2 caai3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kəu³³ t͡sʰai⁵⁵/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: jiou3 cai4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴¹ t͡sʰai̯⁴⁵/
- (Loudi)
- Wiktionary: jiou3 ce4*
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ʊ⁴² (t͡sʰ-)d͡ze̞³⁵⁻⁵/
- (Changsha)
Noun
韭菜
- garlic chive; Chinese chive; Chinese leek (Allium tuberosum)
- (Mainland China, neologism, figurative, Internet slang) someone who can be repeatedly deceived and exploited, especially by the stock market or the government; dupe; shitizen
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
- → English: kuchay, kuchai, kutchay
- → Malay: kucai
- → Mongolian: жууцай (žuucaj)
- → Kazakh: жұсай (jūsai)
- → Khmer: គូឆាយ (kuuchaay)
- → Russian: джусай (džusaj)
- → Tagalog: kutsay
- → Thai: กุยช่าย (gui-châai)
References
- “Entry #5660”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.