زور

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See also: ژور, ژوژ, روژ, رور, زوز, and روز

Arabic

Root
ز و ر (z-w-r)

Etymology 1

Verb

زَوِرَ (zawira) I, non-past يَزْوَرُ‎ (yazwaru)

  1. to incline
Conjugation

Verb

زَوَّرَ (zawwara) II, non-past يُزَوِّرُ‎ (yuzawwiru)

  1. to acknowledge as a visitor, to treat as a visitor

Noun

زَوْر (zawrm (plural أَزْوَار (ʔazwār))

  1. verbal noun of زَارَ (zāra) (form I)
  2. thorax, chest
Declension

Noun

زَوَر (zawarm

  1. verbal noun of زَوِرَ (zawira) (form I)
  2. inclination
  3. crookedness, wryness, distortion
  4. distorted chest, asymmetrical thorax
Declension

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Middle Persian 𐭦𐭥𐭫 (zwl /⁠zūr⁠/), and denominal verb.

Noun

زُور (zūrm

  1. lie, untruth
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 58:2:
      الَّذِينَ يُظَاهِرُونَ مِنكُم مِن نِّسَائِهِم مَا هُنَّ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ ۖ إِنْ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ إِلَّا اللَّائِي وَلَدْنَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَقُولُونَ مُنكَرًا مِّنَ الْقَوْلِ وَزُورًا ۚ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُورٌ
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. false testimony, perjury
    شَهَادَةُ زُورšahādatu zūrfalse testimony
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 25:72:
      وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَشْهَدُونَ ٱلزُّورَ وَإِذَا مَرُّوا بِٱللَّغْوِ مَرُّوا كِرَامًا
      wallaḏīna lā yašhadūna z-zūra waʔiḏā marrū bi-l-laḡwi marrū kirāman
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension

Verb

زَوَّرَ (zawwara) II, non-past يُزَوِّرُ‎ (yuzawwiru)

  1. to call a lie, to impinge
  2. to forge, to counterfeit
Conjugation

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Middle Persian 𐭦𐭥𐭫 (zwl /⁠zōr⁠/).

Noun

زُور (zūrm

  1. strength, force
Declension

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “زور”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 265
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “زور”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1268–1269
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “زور”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 535

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ز و ر
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic زَوَّرَ (zawwara).

Pronunciation

Verb

زور (zawwar) II (non-past يزور (yizawwir))

  1. to call a lie, to impinge
  2. to forge, to counterfeit
Conjugation
    Conjugation of زور (zawwar)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m زورت (zawwart) زورت (zawwart) زور (zawwar) زورنا (zawwarna) زورتوا (zawwartu) زوروا (zawwaru)
f زورتي (zawwarti) زورت (zawwarat)
non-past m أزور (ʔazawwir) تزور (tizawwir) يزور (yizawwir) نزور (nizawwir) تزوروا (tizawwiru) يزوروا (yizawwiru)
f تزوري (tizawwiri) تزور (tizawwir)
imperative m زور (zawwir) زوروا (zawwiru)
f زوري (zawwiri)

Etymology 2

From Arabic زَوْر (zawr).

Pronunciation

Noun

زور (zōrm (plural أَزْوَار (ʔazwār))

  1. throat

Etymology 3

From Arabic زُور (zūr).

Pronunciation

Noun

زور (zūrm

  1. lie, untruth
    شَهَادَةُ زُور
    šahādat zūr
    false testimony

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Verb

زور (zūr)

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of زار (zār)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian زور (zor).

Adjective

زور (zor)

  1. hard, difficult, exhausting

Noun

زور (zor)

  1. force, strength, power, energy, might
    Synonyms: قدرت (kudret), قوت (kuvvet), گوچ (güç), مكنت (miknet)
  2. violence, force
  3. compulsion, constraint
  4. difficulty
  5. necessity

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Turkish: zor
  • Bulgarian: зор (zor)
  • Greek: ζόρι (zóri)
  • Serbo-Croatian: zȏr, зо̑р
  • Romanian: zor

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian (zwl /⁠zōr⁠/), which Pokorny derives from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (to hasten) and compares to Serbo-Croatian žúriti (to hurry, rush) and Old Norse keyra (to whip, lash; to ride). See also Old Armenian զաւր (zawr), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? zōr
Dari reading? zōr
Iranian reading? zur
Tajik reading? zür

Noun

Dari زور
Iranian Persian
Tajik зӯр

زور (zur)

  1. force, strength, power, might
  2. violence, force
Derived terms

(verbs)

(leading)

(trailing)

Descendants

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian (zwhl /⁠zōhr⁠/), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéw-tlo-, from *ǵʰew- (to pour). Compare English god, God. See also Persian ژون (žun, idol).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? zawr
Dari reading? zawr
Iranian reading? zowr
Tajik reading? zavr

Noun

زور (zowr)

  1. libation

Etymology 3

From Middle Persian (zʿwr /⁠zūr⁠/). Compare also Old Armenian զուր (zur), from Parthian.

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? zūr
Dari reading? zūr
Iranian reading? zur
Tajik reading? zur

Noun

زور (zur)

  1. (obsolete) lie, falsehood

References

Urdu

Etymology 1

From Classical Persian زور (zōr, strength, force; power, might).

Pronunciation

Adverb

زور (zor) (Hindi spelling ज़ोर)

  1. powerfully
  2. forcibly
  3. violently

Noun

زور (zorm (Hindi spelling ज़ोर)

  1. force, strength
  2. power, might
  3. exertion, stress
  4. violence
  5. capacity, ability

Etymology 2

From Classical Persian زور (zūr, falsehood; lie, deceit).

Pronunciation

Noun

زور (zūrm (Hindi spelling ज़ूर)

  1. falsehood, untruth
  2. lie, deceit
  3. a false deity; an idol

References

  • زور”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • زور”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.