仰之彌高

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Chinese

look up 's; him/her/it; this full; to fill high; tall
trad. (仰之彌高)
simp. (仰之弥高)
Literally: “the more looked up at, the higher it seems”.

Etymology

From the Analects, Book 9 (《論語·子罕》):

顏淵喟然仰之彌高!…… [Classical Chinese, trad.]
颜渊喟然仰之弥高!…… [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
Yán Yuān kuìrán tàn yuē “yǎng zhī mí gāo, zuān zhī mí jiān, zhān zhī zài qián, hū yān zài hòu!......
Yan Yuan, in admiration of the Master's doctrines, sighed and said, "I looked up to them, and they seemed to become more high; I tried to penetrate them, and they seemed to become more firm; I looked at them before me, and suddenly they seemed to be behind.…

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/1 1/1 1/1
Initial () (31) (23) (4) (28)
Final () (105) (19) (11) (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open Open
Division () III III III I
Fanqie
Baxter ngjangX tsyi mjie kaw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋɨɐŋX/ /t͡ɕɨ/ /miᴇ/ /kɑu/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋiɐŋX/ /t͡ɕɨ/ /miɛ/ /kɑu/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiɑŋX/ /t͡ɕie/ /mjɛ/ /kɑu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋɨaŋX/ /cɨ/ /miə̆/ /kaw/
Li
Rong
/ŋiaŋX/ /t͡ɕiə/ /mie/ /kɑu/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭaŋX/ /t͡ɕĭə/ /mǐe/ /kɑu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯aŋX/ /t͡ɕi/ /mie̯/ /kɑu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yǎng zhī gāo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
joeng5 zi1 mei4 gou1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/2 1/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yǎng zhī gāo
Middle
Chinese
‹ ngjangX › ‹ tsyi › ‹ mjie › ‹ kaw ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.ŋaŋʔ/ /*tə/ /*m-nə/ /*Cə.ˁaw/
English lift the face, look up (3p object pronoun; attributive particle) to complete high, tall

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/1 1/1 1/1
No. 31 17188 2808 3726
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0 2 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋaŋʔ/ /*tjɯ/ /*mnel/ /*kaːw/

Idiom

仰之彌高

  1. to hold in high esteem