混沌

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Chinese

to mix; to get along; thoughtless
to mix; to get along; thoughtless; confused; dirty; mix
 
 confused; turbid
trad. (混沌) 混 沌
simp. #(混沌) 混 沌
alternative forms 渾沌／浑沌
渾敦／浑敦 archaic
混淪／混沦 archaic
渾淪／浑沦 archaic
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Etymology

Old Chinese *guːnʔ duːnʔ. The variant 渾淪／浑沦 (húnlún) suggests that this perhaps came from *guːnʔ l̥uːnʔ ~ guːnʔ ruːnʔ, from **gruːnʔ, from the root *k(V)r- ("to flow > to mix > to be turbid, chaotic").

Related to 餛飩／馄饨 (húntun, “wonton”) and 雲吞／云吞 (yúntūn, “wonton”).

Compare 渾 (OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ), 混 (OC *ɡuːnʔ, “rapidly flowing water; turbidity; confusedness; unclearness; big; whole”), Korean 흐르— (heureu-, “to flow; to float; to fill”), 흐리— (heuri-, “to be turbid, unclear, indistinct”), 흐릿하— (heuritha-, “to be vague, indistinct”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 混 沌
Reading # 1/1 2/3
Initial (聲) 匣 (33) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 魂 (55) 魂 (55)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 胡本切 徒損切
Baxter hwonX dwonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦuənX/ /duənX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦuonX/ /duonX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣuənX/ /duənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦwənX/ /dwənX/
Li
Rong 		/ɣuənX/ /duənX/
Wang
Li 		/ɣuənX/ /duənX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣuənX/ /dʱuənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		hùn dùn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wan6 deon6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 混 沌
Reading # 1/1 3/3
No. 7536 12558
Phonetic
component 		昆 屯
Rime
group 		文 文
Rime
subdivision 		2 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		混 囤
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡuːnʔ/ /*duːnʔ/

Noun

混沌

  1. (Chinese mythology) Hundun (the unclear, confused and nebulous state of the primordial world)
  2. wholeness; inseparability
  3. unclearness; indistinctness; obscurity; vagueness; obfuscation
  4. silliness; stupidity
  5. (Chinese mythology) hundun (legendary faceless creature)
  6. (mathematics) chaos

Synonyms

  • (Hundun): (literary, figurative) 䒌靘 (mìngqìng)

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (混沌):

Japanese

Kanji in this term
混 沌
こん
Grade: 5 		とん
Jinmeiyō
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
渾沌
 混沌 on Japanese Wikipedia

Etymology

From Chinese 混沌 (hùndùn).

Pronunciation

Adjective

混(こん)沌(とん) • (konton) †-tari (adnominal 混(こん)沌(とん)とした (konton to shita) or 混(こん)沌(とん)たる (konton taru), adverbial 混(こん)沌(とん)と (konton to) or 混(こん)沌(とん)として (konton to shite))

  1. chaotic

Adverb

混(こん)沌(とん) • (konton) 

  1. chaotically

Noun

混(こん)沌(とん) • (konton) 

  1. chaos
    • 2014 March 8, “オシリスの天(てん)空(くう)竜(りゅう) [Osiris the Sky Dragon]”, in 決闘王の記憶 －決闘者の王国編－ [Memories of the Duel King: Duelist Kingdom Arc], Konami:
      天(てん)空(くう)に雷(らい)鳴(めい)轟(とどろ)く混(こん)沌(とん)の時(とき)、連(つら)なる鎖(くさり)の中(なか)に古(いにしえ)の魔(ま)導(どう)書(しょ)を束(たば)ね、その力(ちから)無(む)限(げん)の限(かぎ)りを誇(ほこ)らん。
      Tenkū ni raimei todoroku konton no toki, tsuranaru kusari no naka ni inishie no Madōsho o tabane, sono chikara mugen no kagiri o hokoran.
      Such power knows no bounds, it puts the ancient Sorcery Grimoires in tangling chains when chaos roars with thunder in the sky.

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
混沌

Noun

混沌 • (hondon) (hangeul 혼돈)

  1. Hanja form? of 혼돈 (“chaos”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
混沌

Adjective

混沌

  1. chữ Hán form of hỗn độn (“chaotic; disorderly”).
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