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-आ. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
-आ, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
-आ in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
-आ you have here. The definition of the word
-आ will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
-आ, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Hindi
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From a merger of two sources, but in both cases from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-akas, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos:
- Inherited from Old Hindi -आ (-ā), a contraction or dialectal variant of -औ (-au), from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -औ (-au), from -𑀅𑀕 (-aga), -𑀅𑀬 (-aya) (nominative Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀅𑀕𑁄 (-ago), -𑀅𑀬𑁄 (-ayo), seen in words like 𑀔𑀼𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬 (khullaya) and 𑀔𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀕 (khuḍḍaga)), from Ashokan Prakrit -𑀅𑀓 (-aka) (nominative -𑀅𑀓𑁄 (-ako), seen in words like 𑀔𑀼𑀤𑀓 (khudaka)), from Sanskrit -अक (-aka) (nominative -अको (-ako), -अकः (-akaḥ)), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *-akas. Doublet of -अक (-ak).
- Borrowed from Classical Persian ـه (-â), from Middle Persian -k' (-ag), from Proto-Iranian *-akah.
Suffix
-आ • (-ā) m
- suffix found in many masculine nouns of both Indo-Aryan and Perso-Arabic origin
- forms some nouns with agentive meaning from verbs or nouns
- उचकना (ucaknā, “to jump, leap”) + -आ (-ā) → उचक्का (ucakkā, “thief, pickpocket”)
- रसोई (rasoī, “kitchen”) + -आ (-ā) → रसोइया (rasoiyā, “chef”)
- forms some nouns with possessive meaning
- बहु- (bahu-, “multi-”) + मंज़िल (manzil, “storey”) + -आ (-ā) → बहुमंज़िला (bahumanzilā, “multi-storey”) (lit. "having many storeys")
- forms adjectives from nouns, showing a property
- झूठ (jhūṭh, “lie”) + -आ (-ā) → झूठा (jhūṭhā, “false, fake, liar”)
- भूख (bhūkh, “hunger”) + -आ (-ā) → भूखा (bhūkhā, “hungry, famished”)
Declension
As a noun:
Declension of -आ (masc ind ā-stem)
|
singular
|
plural
|
direct
|
-आ -ā
|
-ए -e
|
oblique
|
-ए -e
|
-ओं -õ
|
vocative
|
-ए -e
|
-ओ -o
|
An an adjective:
Declension of -आ (ind ā-stem)
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
singular
|
plural
|
singular
|
plural
|
direct
|
-आ -ā
|
-ए -e
|
-ई -ī
|
-ई -ī
|
oblique
|
-ए -e
|
-ए -e
|
-ई -ī
|
-ई -ī
|
vocative
|
-ए -e
|
-ए -e
|
-ई -ī
|
-ई -ī
|
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Inherited from Old Hindi -आ (-ā), -या (-yā), from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀤𑀕 (-idaga), -𑀇𑀅𑀬 (-iaya), -𑀇𑀬𑀬 (-iyaya), from Ashokan Prakrit -𑀇𑀢 (-ita) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit -इत (-ita), the variant of -त (-ta) for seṭ roots commonly found in Later Sanskrit, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-tás, from Proto-Indo-European *-tós. Doublet of -इत (-it) and -त (-ta). Cognate with Punjabi -ਈਆ (-īā) and distantly English -ed.
Alternative forms
Suffix
-आ • (-ā)
- Marks the perfective participle
- कह (kah, “say”) + -आ (-ā) → कहा (kahā, “said”)
- देख (dekh, “see”) + -आ (-ā) → देखा (dekhā, “seen”)
Declension
Declension of -आ (ind ā-stem)
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
singular
|
plural
|
singular
|
plural
|
direct
|
-आ -ā
|
-ए -e
|
-ई -ī
|
-ई -ī
|
oblique
|
-ए -e
|
-ए -e
|
-ई -ī
|
-ई -ī
|
vocative
|
-ए -e
|
-ए -e
|
-ई -ī
|
-ई -ī
|
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit -आ (-ā), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-aH, from Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂. Distantly cognate with Latin -a.
Suffix
-आ • (-ā) f
- forms the feminine form of the nouns
- पुष्प (puṣp, “flower”) + -आ (-ā) → पुष्पा (puṣpā, “flower, female given name”)
- forms feminine form of the adjectives
- हरित (harit, “green”) + -आ (-ā) → हरिता (haritā, “green”)
Declension
Declension of -आ (fem ā-stem)
|
singular
|
plural
|
direct
|
-आ -ā
|
-आएँ -āẽ
|
oblique
|
-आ -ā
|
-आओं -āõ
|
vocative
|
-आ -ā
|
-आओ -āo
|
Derived terms
Etymology 4
Borrowed from Classical Persian ـه (-â), from Arabic ـَة (-a).
Suffix
-आ • (-ā) f
- forms the feminine form of some Perso-Arabic agent nouns
- साहिर (sāhir, “enchanter”) + -आ (-ā) → साहिरा (sāhirā, “enchantress”)
Declension
Declension of -आ (fem ā-stem)
|
singular
|
plural
|
direct
|
-आ -ā
|
-आएँ -āẽ
|
oblique
|
-आ -ā
|
-आओं -āõ
|
vocative
|
-आ -ā
|
-आओ -āo
|
Derived terms
References
- ^ Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC, page 187
- ^ Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC, page 423
- ^ McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “-आ”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 77