Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zelenъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Apparently originally participle of verb **zelti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źelˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-. Morphologically *zel- + *-enъ.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian žélti (“to sprout”), žãlias (“green”), žel̃vas (“greenish”), Latvian zelt (“to become green”), zaļš (“green”), Old Prussian saligan (“green”).
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit हरि (hari, “fallow, yellowish, greenish”), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬫𐬀 (zaranya), Latin helvus (“honey-yellow”), Ancient Greek χλωρός (khlōrós, “pale green, greenish yellow”), Proto-Germanic *gelwaz (“yellow”).
Adjective
Inflection
Accent paradigm b.
Indefinite declension of *zelenъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *zelenъ | *zelena | *zeleno |
| genitive | *zelena | *zeleny | *zelena |
| dative | *zelenu | *zeleně | *zelenu |
| accusative | *zelenъ | *zelenǫ | *zeleno |
| instrumental | *zelenomь | *zelenojǫ | *zelenomь |
| locative | *zeleně | *zeleně | *zeleně |
| vocative | *zelene | *zeleno | *zeleno |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *zelena | *zeleně | *zeleně |
| genitive | *zelenu | *zelenu | *zelenu |
| dative | *zelenoma | *zelenama | *zelenoma |
| accusative | *zelena | *zeleně | *zeleně |
| instrumental | *zelenoma | *zelenama | *zelenoma |
| locative | *zelenu | *zelenu | *zelenu |
| vocative | *zelena | *zeleně | *zeleně |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *zeleni | *zeleny | *zelena |
| genitive | *zelenъ | *zelenъ | *zelenъ |
| dative | *zelenomъ | *zelenamъ | *zelenomъ |
| accusative | *zeleny | *zeleny | *zelena |
| instrumental | *zeleny | *zelenami | *zeleny |
| locative | *zeleněxъ | *zelenaxъ | *zeleněxъ |
| vocative | *zeleni | *zeleny | *zelena |
Definite declension of *zelenъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *zelenъjь | *zelenaja | *zelenoje |
| genitive | *zelenajego | *zelenyję̇ | *zelenajego |
| dative | *zelenujemu | *zeleněji | *zelenujemu |
| accusative | *zelenъjь | *zelenǫjǫ | *zelenoje |
| instrumental | *zelenyjimь | *zelenǫjǫ | *zelenyjimь |
| locative | *zelenějemь | *zeleněji | *zelenějemь |
| vocative | *zelenъjь | *zelenaja | *zelenoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *zelenaja | *zeleněji | *zeleněji |
| genitive | *zelenuju | *zelenuju | *zelenuju |
| dative | *zelenyjima | *zelenyjima | *zelenyjima |
| accusative | *zelenaja | *zeleněji | *zeleněji |
| instrumental | *zelenyjima | *zelenyjima | *zelenyjima |
| locative | *zelenuju | *zelenuju | *zelenuju |
| vocative | *zelenaja | *zeleněji | *zeleněji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *zeleniji | *zelenyję̇ | *zelenaja |
| genitive | *zelenъjixъ | *zelenъjixъ | *zelenъjixъ |
| dative | *zelenyjimъ | *zelenyjimъ | *zelenyjimъ |
| accusative | *zelenyję̇ | *zelenyję̇ | *zelenaja |
| instrumental | *zelenyjimi | *zelenyjimi | *zelenyjimi |
| locative | *zelenyjixъ | *zelenyjixъ | *zelenyjixъ |
| vocative | *zeleniji | *zelenyję̇ | *zelenaja |
See also
| *bělъ (of animals) *bronъ |
*sivъ, *śěrъ, *śědъ | *čьrnъ, *smaglъ, *smǫglъ (of animals) *vornъ, *galъ |
| *čьrvenъ, *ryďь, *ruměnъ | *rudъ, *granivъ; *smědъ (of animals) *gnědъ |
*žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ; *polvъ |
| *zelenъ | *zelenъ, *grěnъ | |
| *polvъ | *siňь; *modrъ | |
| *slivъ | *bagrъ |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зеленый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “зелёный”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 322
- Куркина Л. В. (2010) “Комментарии к IV тому "Этимологического словаря словенского языка" Ф. Безлая”, in Этимология 2006‒2008, Moscow, page 164
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*zelènъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 541: “adj. o (b) ‘green’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “zelenъ zelena zeleno”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b grøn (PR 136)”