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User:Justinrleung/PSM/patterns. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
User:Justinrleung/PSM/patterns, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
User:Justinrleung/PSM/patterns in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Regular reflexes
Finals
| PSM |
XM |
QZ |
ZZ |
DT |
JY |
CY |
LZ |
HK |
WC |
Notes
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| *a |
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| *ai |
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| *au |
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| *ia |
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| *ua |
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| *iau |
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| *uai |
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| *ã |
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| *ãi |
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| *iã |
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| *uã |
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| *am |
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| *iam |
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| *uam |
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| *an |
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| *ian |
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| *uan |
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| *aŋ |
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| *aʔ |
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| *iaʔ |
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| *uaʔ |
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| *ap |
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| *iap |
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| *uap |
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| *at |
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| *iat |
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| *uat |
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| *ak |
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| *e |
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| *ue |
velar, glottal, zero |
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| *ẽ |
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| *uẽ |
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| *en |
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| *eʔ |
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| *ueʔ |
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| *et |
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?
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| *ø |
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| *uø |
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| *øm |
? |
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| *øʔ |
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| *uøʔ |
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| *i |
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| *ui |
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| *ĩ |
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| *uĩ |
bilabial |
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| glottal, zero |
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| elsewhere |
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| *im |
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| *in |
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| *iŋ |
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| *iʔ |
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| *ip |
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| *it |
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| *ik |
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| *ɿ |
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?
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| *o |
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| *oi |
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| *ou |
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| *io |
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| *uo |
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| *ioi |
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| *õ |
nasal |
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| zero |
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| *õi |
labial, alveolar |
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| velar |
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| *iõ |
nasal |
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| *uõi |
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| *oŋ |
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| *ioŋ |
alveolar sibilant |
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?
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?
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| *uoŋ |
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| *oʔ |
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| *oiʔ |
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| *ioʔ |
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| *ok |
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| *iok |
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?
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| *uok |
alveolar sibilant |
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| *ɯ |
alveolar stop |
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| *ɯn |
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| *ɯŋ |
zero |
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| *ɯk |
zero |
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| *u |
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| *iu |
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| *un |
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| *uʔ |
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or are probably from *oʔ rather than from *uʔ
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| *ut |
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| *m |
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| *iaŋ |
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Not listed as a rime in chapter 3, but used in the reconstruction of 雙 / 双
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*S(i)-
| Character |
Gloss |
PSM |
XM |
QZ |
ZZ |
DT |
JY |
CY |
LZ |
HK |
WC
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| 雙 |
pair (of shoes) |
*s(i)aŋ¹ |
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| 鉎 |
rust |
*s(i)an¹ |
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| 相同 |
same |
*sio¹ taŋ² |
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--- |
? |
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| 齊 |
complete, regular |
*ts(i)au² |
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| 撨 |
to adjust |
*tsʰ(i)au² |
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? |
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? |
?
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*-i(a)n
| Character |
Gloss |
PSM |
XM |
QZ |
ZZ |
DT |
JY |
CY |
LZ |
HK |
WC
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| 煙 |
smoke |
*i(a)n¹ |
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| 沿 |
layer, pile |
*i(a)n² |
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| 免* |
to avoid |
*mi(a)n³ (*mian³ in Kwok) |
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| 現* |
now |
*hi(a)n⁶ |
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| 輦* |
wheel |
*li(a)n³ |
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? |
? |
?
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| 腎 |
gizzard |
*ki(a)n⁴ *kɯn⁴ ~ *kian⁴ |
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Yue loans in Leizhou and Hainanese
| Character |
Gloss |
Leizhou |
Haikou |
Cantonese
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| 禁 |
durable |
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- |
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| 啱 |
suitable |
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| 踭 |
elbow |
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| 燶 |
burnt |
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| 壅 |
bury |
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| 打 |
dozen |
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| 褸 |
coat |
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| 嘥 |
waste |
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| 慳 |
conserve |
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| 呃 |
deceive |
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- |
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| 炆 |
to braise |
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| 闊佬 |
rich man |
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| 冷 |
woollen yarn |
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Leizhou-Hainan connections
| Character |
Gloss |
Leizhou |
Haikou |
Wenchang
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| 戇 |
foolish; dull-witted |
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| 弄 |
to play |
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| 嗎 |
sunken |
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| 嗎 |
to approach |
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| 膽 |
to wind around |
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| 覓 |
to seek |
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| 杖 |
stick; staff; rod |
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| 孧 |
small |
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| 雹 |
hail |
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Si- in Qiong-Lei
| Character |
Gloss |
PSM |
Leizhou |
Haikou |
Wenchang
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| 厝 |
house |
*tsʰu⁵ |
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| 鼠 |
rat |
*tsʰɯ³ |
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| 臭 |
smelly |
*tsʰau⁵ ~ *tsʰiau⁵ |
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