búa
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "bua"
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse búa, from Proto-Germanic *būaną.
Pronunciation
Verb
búa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative bjó, third-person plural past indicative bjuggu, supine búið)
- (intransitive) to reside, to live
- (intransitive) to run a farm or home
- (transitive, governs the accusative) to prepare
- (impersonal) used in set phrases
- Honum býr eitthvað í brjósti.
- There is something on his mind.
- (literally, “Something lives in his chest.”)
Conjugation
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að búa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
búið | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
búandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég bý | við búum | present (nútíð) |
ég búi | við búum |
| þú býrð | þið búið | þú búir | þið búið | ||
| hann, hún, það býr | þeir, þær, þau búa | hann, hún, það búi | þeir, þær, þau búi | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég bjó | við bjuggum | past (þátíð) |
ég byggi | við byggjum |
| þú bjóst | þið bjugguð | þú byggir | þið byggjuð | ||
| hann, hún, það bjó | þeir, þær, þau bjuggu | hann, hún, það byggi | þeir, þær, þau byggju | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
bú (þú) | búið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| búðu | búiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að búast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
búist | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
búandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég býst | við búumst | present (nútíð) |
ég búist | við búumst |
| þú býst | þið búist | þú búist | þið búist | ||
| hann, hún, það býst | þeir, þær, þau búast | hann, hún, það búist | þeir, þær, þau búist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég bjóst | við bjuggumst | past (þátíð) |
ég byggist | við byggjumst |
| þú bjóst | þið bjuggust | þú byggist | þið byggjust | ||
| hann, hún, það bjóst | þeir, þær, þau bjuggust | hann, hún, það byggist | þeir, þær, þau byggjust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
búst (þú) | búist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| bústu | búisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
búinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
búinn | búin | búið | búnir | búnar | búin | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
búinn | búna | búið | búna | búnar | búin | |
| dative (þágufall) |
búnum | búinni | búnu | búnum | búnum | búnum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
búins | búinnar | búins | búinna | búinna | búinna | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
búni | búna | búna | búnu | búnu | búnu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
búna | búnu | búna | búnu | búnu | búnu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
búna | búnu | búna | búnu | búnu | búnu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
búna | búnu | búna | búnu | búnu | búnu | |
Synonyms
- (live): eiga heima
- (farm): reka bú
- (prepare): útbúa
Derived terms
Derived terms
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *būaną, whence also Old English būan, Old Frisian buwa, Old Saxon būan, Old High German būan, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌰𐌽 (bauan).
Verb
búa
- to reside, to live
- 9th c., Þjóðólfr of Hvinir, Ynglingatal, verse 1:
- Varð framgengt, / þars Fróði bjó,
feigðarorð, / es at Fjǫlni kom. […]- The word of doom / which came upon Fjǫlnir
was fulfilled / where Fróði lived.
- The word of doom / which came upon Fjǫlnir
- 9th c., Þjóðólfr of Hvinir, Ynglingatal, verse 1:
- to prepare
- to dress, decorate
Conjugation
Conjugation of búa — active (strong class 7)
| infinitive | búa | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | búandi | |
| past participle | búinn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | bý | bjó |
| 2nd-person singular | býr | bjótt |
| 3rd-person singular | býr | bjó |
| 1st-person plural | búm | bjoggum, bjuggum |
| 2nd-person plural | búið | bjogguð, bjugguð |
| 3rd-person plural | búa | bjoggu, bjuggu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | búa | bygga |
| 2nd-person singular | búir | byggir |
| 3rd-person singular | búi | byggi |
| 1st-person plural | búim | byggim |
| 2nd-person plural | búið | byggið |
| 3rd-person plural | búi | byggi |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | bú | |
| 1st-person plural | búm | |
| 2nd-person plural | búið | |
Conjugation of búa — mediopassive (strong class 7)
| infinitive | búask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | búandisk | |
| past participle | búizk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | búmk | bjoggumk, bjuggumk |
| 2nd-person singular | býsk | bjózk |
| 3rd-person singular | býsk | bjósk |
| 1st-person plural | búmsk | bjoggumsk, bjuggumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | búizk | bjogguzk, bjugguzk |
| 3rd-person plural | búask | bjoggusk, bjuggusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | búmk | byggumk |
| 2nd-person singular | búisk | byggisk |
| 3rd-person singular | búisk | byggisk |
| 1st-person plural | búimsk | byggimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | búizk | byggizk |
| 3rd-person plural | búisk | byggisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | búsk | |
| 1st-person plural | búmsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | búizk | |
Descendants
- Icelandic: búa
- Faroese: búgva
- Norwegian Nynorsk: bu, bua
- → Norwegian Bokmål: bu
- Old Swedish: bōa, bō
- Swedish: bo
- Danish: bo
- Norwegian Bokmål: bo
- → Middle English: buen
Tày
Pronunciation
- (Thạch An – Tràng Định) IPA(key):
- (Trùng Khánh) IPA(key):
Etymology 1
Noun
búa
- spring onion
- phjắc búa hom ― fragrant spring onion
- tube; pipe
- búa mạy pjeo ― bamboo tube
- (of trees) node
- búa mạy ― bamboo node
- gun's barrel
- búa slủng ― gun barrel
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Chinese 符 (fú). Doublet of bùa.
Noun
búa (符)
References
- Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên
- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
- Léopold Michel Cadière (1910) Dictionnaire Tày-Annamite-Français [Tày-Vietnamese-French Dictionary] (in French), Hanoi: Impressions d'Extrême-Orient
Vietnamese
Etymology
Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 斧 (“hatchet”, SV: phủ), borrowed from a form when the vowel already shifted, although likely still reasonably early.
Pronunciation
Noun
(classifier cái, chiếc) búa • (斧, 鈽)
- hammer
- búa tạ ― a sledgehammer
- búa liềm ― hammer and sickle
- Vui cái búa á! Cái đó mà vui gì!
- Fun my ass! That was anything but fun!
Usage notes
- cái búa is sometimes used as an enclitic in protesting retorts, similarly to English my ass. Other similar enclitics include cái con khỉ, cái đầu mày, etc.
Derived terms
Descendants
→ Tày: bủa