gongana

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Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-gongana (infinitive kugongana)

  1. Reciprocal form of -gonga

Conjugation

Conjugation of -gongana
Positive present -nagongana
Subjunctive -gongane
Negative -gongani
Imperative singular gongana
Infinitives
Positive kugongana
Negative kutogongana
Imperatives
Singular gongana
Plural gonganeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hugongana
Positive past positive subject concord + -ligongana
Negative past negative subject concord + -kugongana
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nagongana)
Singular Plural
1st person ninagongana/nagongana tunagongana
2nd person unagongana mnagongana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anagongana wanagongana
other classes positive subject concord + -nagongana
Negative present (negative subject concord + -gongani)
Singular Plural
1st person sigongani hatugongani
2nd person hugongani hamgongani
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hagongani hawagongani
other classes negative subject concord + -gongani
Positive future positive subject concord + -tagongana
Negative future negative subject concord + -tagongana
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -gongane)
Singular Plural
1st person nigongane tugongane
2nd person ugongane mgongane
3rd person m-wa(I/II) agongane wagongane
other classes positive subject concord + -gongane
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sigongane
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngegongana
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singegongana
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaligongana
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaligongana
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -agongana)
Singular Plural
1st person nagongana twagongana
2nd person wagongana mwagongana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) agongana wagongana
m-mi(III/IV) wagongana yagongana
ji-ma(V/VI) lagongana yagongana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chagongana vyagongana
n(IX/X) yagongana zagongana
u(XI) wagongana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwagongana
pa(XVI) pagongana
mu(XVIII) mwagongana
Perfect positive subject concord + -megongana
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshagongana
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jagongana
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kigongana
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipogongana
Consecutive kagongana / positive subject concord + -kagongana
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kagongane
Object concord —
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + -gongana- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -gonganaye -gonganao
m-mi(III/IV) -gonganao -gonganayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -gonganalo -gonganayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -gonganacho -gonganavyo
n(IX/X) -gonganayo -gonganazo
u(XI) -gonganao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -gonganako
pa(XVI) -gonganapo
mu(XVIII) -gonganamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -gongana)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yegongana -ogongana
m-mi(III/IV) -ogongana -yogongana
ji-ma(V/VI) -logongana -yogongana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chogongana -vyogongana
n(IX/X) -yogongana -zogongana
u(XI) -ogongana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kogongana
pa(XVI) -pogongana
mu(XVIII) -mogongana
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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