si-

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "si"

Choctaw

Prefix

si- (except before a/o sa-, class II first-person singular)

  1. the direct object of an active transitive verb
    me
  2. the subject of a stative intransitive verb
    I
  3. indicates possession of a noun
    my

Usage notes

Class II person markers are used for possession only for a small set of words, mostly including kinship terms and body parts.

Inflection

Choctaw Person Markers
class I class II class III class N imperative
+s +C +V +C/i +a/o +C +V +C +V +C +V
first-person singular initial -li sa- si- a̱- am- ak- n/a
medial -sa- -sam-
paucal ī- il- pi- pi̱- pim- kī- kil-
plural hapi- hapi̱- hapim-
second-person singular is- ish- chi- chi̱- chim- chik- ∅
plural has- hash- hachi- hachi̱- hachim- hachik- ho- oh-
third-person ∅ ∅ i̱- im- ik-

Chuukese

Prefix

si-

  1. First-person plural inclusive subject marker for tense modifying adverbs.

Navajo

Prefix

si-

  1. my, me

Usage notes

This is an alternative form of shi- which comes about in some words as a result of coronal harmony. See, for example, sikʼis, sitsilí. This once firm rule has become optional, and today most Navajo speakers actually prefer to ignore the rules of sibilant (coronal) harmony, especially when there is relatively greater distance between the 1st-person shi- and the alveolar sibilant in the root.

See also

Navajo possessive pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person shi- nihi- danihi-
2nd person ni- nihi- danihi-
3rd person bi-
4th person (3o) yi-
4th person (3a) ha-, hw-
Indefinite person (3i) a-

Northern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.

Prefix

si-

  1. we; first-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.

Prefix

si-

  1. us; first-person plural object concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.

Prefix

si-

  1. he, she, it; class 7 subject concord.
  2. him, her, it; class 7 object concord.

Phuthi

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.

Prefix

si-

  1. we; first-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.

Prefix

si-

  1. us; first-person plural object concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-kɪ̀-.

Prefix

si-

  1. Class 7 noun prefix.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.

Prefix

si-

  1. he, she, it; class 7 subject concord.
  2. him, her, it; class 7 object concord.

Southern Ndebele

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.

Prefix

si-

  1. we; first-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.

Prefix

si-

  1. us; first-person plural object concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.

Prefix

si-

  1. he, she, it; class 7 subject concord.
  2. him, her, it; class 7 object concord.

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Etymology 1

Prefix

si-

  1. I do not, 1st person singular negative subject concord
    Antonym: ni-
See also
Swahili personal pronouns (m-wa class(I/II))
Number Person Independent Subject concord Object concord Combined forms Possessive
affirmative negative na ndi- si-
Singular First mimi ni- si- -ni- nami, na mimi ndimi, ndiye simi, siye -angu
Second wewe u- hu- -ku- nawe, na wewe ndiwe, ndiye siwe, siye -ako
Third yeye a-, yu- ha-, hayu- -m-, -mw-, -mu- naye, na yeye ndiye siye -ake
Plural First sisi tu- hatu- -tu- nasi, na sisi ndisi, ndio sio -etu
Second ninyi m-, mw-, mu- ham-, hamw-, hamu- -wa- nanyi, na ninyi ndinyi, ndio sinyi, sio -enu
Third wao wa- hawa- -wa- nao ndio sio -ao
Reflexive — — -ji- — —
For a full table including other classes, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns.

Etymology 2

Prefix

si-

  1. the negative emphatic copula or negative focusing copula: expresses "it is not" with an inflected object
    Antonym: ndi-
Inflection
Emphatic copula negative (si-)
Singular Plural
1st person simi, siye sio
2nd person siwe, siye sinyi, sio
3rd person m-wa(I/II) siye sio
m-mi(III/IV) sio siyo
ji-ma(V/VI) silo siyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) sicho sivyo
n(IX/X) siyo sizo
u(XI) sio see n(X) or ma(VI)
ku(XV/XVII) siko
pa(XVI) sipo
mu(XVIII) simo
For a full table, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns.

See also

Swazi

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.

Prefix

si-

  1. we; first-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.

Prefix

si-

  1. us; first-person plural object concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-kɪ̀-.

Prefix

si-

  1. Class 7 noun prefix.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.

Prefix

si-

  1. he, she, it; class 7 subject concord.
  2. him, her, it; class 7 object concord.

Tabaru

Prefix

si-

  1. applicative prefix

Tocharian A

Verb

si-

  1. to drain

Tocharian B

Verb

si-

  1. to drain

Xhosa

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.

Prefix

si-

  1. we; first-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.

Prefix

si-

  1. us; first-person plural object concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.

Prefix

si-

  1. he, she, it; class 7 subject concord.
  2. him, her, it; class 7 object concord.

Zulu

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ̀-, via an intermediate form *tɪ̀-.

Prefix

si-

  1. we; first-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *tʊ́-, via an intermediate form *tɪ́-.

Prefix

sí-

  1. us; first-person plural object concord.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *kɪ̀-.

Prefix

si-

  1. Class 7 simple noun prefix.

Etymology 4

From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́-.

Prefix

sí-

  1. he, she, it; class 7 subject concord.
  2. him, her, it; class 7 object concord.

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia