d-

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "d"

Translingual

Prefix

d-

  1. (SI prefix, metrology) deci- (“×10-1”)
    Coordinate terms: (deca-/deka-) D-, da-, Da-, DA-, dk-, Dk-, DK-
  2. (chemistry) deprecated notation for dextrorotatory (versus modern notation, (+)).

Lushootseed

Prefix

d-

  1. my

See also

Maltese

Pronunciation

Article

d-

  1. Alternative form of il-

Usage notes

  • Used after a vowel and before the letter d. For details on usage, see the main lemma.

Navajo

Etymology

Proto-Athabaskan *də- (valency decrease), from Proto-Na-Dene *də- (signaling valency decrease); cognate with Haida -d-, Eyak -d-, and Tlingit -d- (reflexive suffix).

Prefix

d-

  1. the d- classifier or valence-change prefix, a detransitivizing prefix of active verbs that modifies the transitivity or valence and grammatical voice of a verb, occurs in most passive, mediopassive, reflexive, and reciprocal verbs that are derived from verbs with a ∅- classifier; it produces the agentive passive verb forms
    yizéés ― he’s singing it (yi-∅-zéés)
    yidéés ― it’s being sung (yi-d-zéés)

See also

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Prefix

d- (class B & C infixed pronoun)

  1. him (triggers nasalization)
  2. it (triggers lenition)

Usage notes

This form merges with the prefixes ad-, aith-, ess-, and in- to form at-; with com- to become cot-; and with fris- become frit-.

Derived terms

Old Irish terms prefixed with d-

See also

Old Irish affixed pronouns

See Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns for details on how these forms are used.
Note that the so-called “infixed” pronouns are technically prefixes, but they are never the first prefix in a verbal complex.

Person Infixed Suffixed
Class A Class B Class C
1 sing. m-L dom-L, dam-L -um
2 sing. t-L dot-L, dat-L, dut-L, dit-L -ut
3 sing. m. a-N, e-N d-N id-N, did-N, d-N -i, -it
3 sing. f. s-(N) da- -us
3 sing. n. a-L, e-L d-L id-L, did-L, d-L -i, -it
1 pl. n- don-, dun-, dan- -unn
2 pl. b- dob-, dub-, dab- -uib
3 pl. s-(N) da- -us
L means this form triggers lenition.
N means this form triggers nasalization (eclipsis)
(N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others.

Ye'kwana

Pronunciation

Prefix

d-

  1. (Cunucunuma River dialect) Alternative form of y- (“third-person prefix”).

Inflection

Ye'kwana personal markers
pronoun noun possessor/
series II verb argument 		postposition object series I verb argument
transitive patient intransitive patient-like intransitive agent-like transitive agent
first person ewü y-, ∅-, ü-, u-1 w-, wi-
first person dual inclusive küwü k-, kü-, ku-, ki- k-, kii-, ki-1
second person amödö ö-, öy-/öd-, o-, oy-/od-, a-, ay-/ad- m-, mi-
first person dual exclusive nña y-/d-, ch-, ∅-, i-1 chö- ∅- n-, ni-
third person tüwü n-, ni-
distant past third person — kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini-
coreferential/reflexive — t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te- —
reciprocal — — öö-
  1. With following vowel lengthened if in an unreduced open syllable.
series I verb argument:
transitive agent and transitive patient
first person > second person mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
first person dual exclusive > second person
second person > first person k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
second person > first person dual exclusive
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person see person X in the chart above

References

  • Hall, Katherine Lee (1988) “”, in The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University, pages 284, 293–295, 298–299
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