tavasz

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Hungarian

Etymology

Either from Proto-Finno-Ugric *towke (spring),[1][2] with such cognates as Finnish touko, Komi-Zyrian тулыс (tulys), Udmurt тулыс (tulys), Northern Mansi тӯя (tūâ). Alternatively, related to Turkic forms such as Chuvash tu-, tăv- or Nogai tuv- ´to be born, to give birth´.[3] Hungarian tavasz (tava- root + -sz nominal suffix, for the same suffix compare ravasz) has an original meaning ´birth´.[3]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ta‧vasz
  • Rhymes: -ɒs

Noun

tavasz (plural tavaszok)

  1. spring (season)
    Hypernym: évszak
    Coordinate terms: nyár, ősz, tél

Usage notes

Adverbs of temporal nouns     (see also: Appendix:Hungarian words of time)
no suffix (the noun
can act as an adverb
)
nappal (daytime), reggel (early morning), délelőtt (late morning), délután (afternoon), este (evening), éjjel / éjszaka (night), and vasárnap (Sunday)
-kor (at) pirkadat / virradat (dawn), napkelte (sunrise), napnyugta (sunset), alkonyat (dusk), szürkület (twilight), éjfél (midnight), hours and minutes, and the names of holidays (húsvét (Easter) etc.)
-ban/-ben (in) dél (noon), hajnal (daybreak), names of months (januárdecember) and hónap (month), évszak (season), év (year) and specific years, évtized (decade) and longer periods
-n/-on/-en/-ön (on) days of the week (hétfőszombat) except Sunday, days of the month (elseje (1st), másodika (2nd) etc.), nap (day), hét (week), nyár (summer), and tél (winter)
-val/-vel (with, assimilated: -szal/-szel) tavasz (spring), ősz (autumn, fall)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative tavasz tavaszok
accusative tavaszt tavaszokat
dative tavasznak tavaszoknak
instrumental tavasszal tavaszokkal
causal-final tavaszért tavaszokért
translative tavasszá tavaszokká
terminative tavaszig tavaszokig
essive-formal tavaszként tavaszokként
essive-modal
inessive tavaszban tavaszokban
superessive tavaszon tavaszokon
adessive tavasznál tavaszoknál
illative tavaszba tavaszokba
sublative tavaszra tavaszokra
allative tavaszhoz tavaszokhoz
elative tavaszból tavaszokból
delative tavaszról tavaszokról
ablative tavasztól tavaszoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular
tavaszé tavaszoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
tavaszéi tavaszokéi
Possessive forms of tavasz
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. tavaszom tavaszaim
2nd person sing. tavaszod tavaszaid
3rd person sing. tavasza tavaszai
1st person plural tavaszunk tavaszaink
2nd person plural tavaszotok tavaszaitok
3rd person plural tavaszuk tavaszaik

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Entry #1069 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^ Benkő, Loránd, ed. A magyar nyelv történeti-etimológiai szótára I–IV. (“The Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”). Budapest: Akadémiai, 1967–1984. →ISBN. Vol. 1: A–Gy (1967), vol. 2: H–O (1970), vol. 3: Ö–Zs (1976), vol. 4: index (1984).
  3. 3.0 3.1 CZEGLÉDI, Katalin. The Linguistic Background of the Scythian-Hunnish-Avar-Hungarian Continuity. Journal of Eurasian Studies, Volume I., Issue 4. / October — December 2009. Page 84. ISSN 1877-4199.

Further reading

  • tavasz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN