कन्या
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See also: कनिया
Hindi
Alternative forms
- कनिया (kaniyā)
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कन्या (kanyā). Doublet of कनीज़ (kanīz).
Pronunciation
Noun
कन्या • (kanyā) f (Urdu spelling کنیا)
Declension
Declension of कन्या (fem ā-stem)
Derived terms
- कन्यादान (kanyādān)
Proper noun
कन्या • (kanyā) f (Urdu spelling کنیا)
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “कन्या”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कन्या (kanyā). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘎𑘡𑘿𑘧𑘰 (kanyā).
Noun
कन्या • (kanyā) f
- girl
- Synonym: मुलगी (mulgī)
- daughter
- (astronomy) The constellation Virgo
- (astrology) the sign of the zodiac Virgo
- virgin
- Synonym: कुमारी (kumārī)
Declension
| Declension of कन्या (fem ā-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
कन्या kanyā | ||
| direct plural |
कन्या kanyā | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
कन्या kanyā |
कन्या kanyā | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
कन्ये kanye |
कन्यां- kanyān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
कन्येला kanyelā |
कन्यांना kanyānnā | |
| ergative | कन्येने, कन्येनं kanyene, kanyena |
कन्यांनी kanyānnī | |
| instrumental | कन्येशी kanyeśī |
कन्यांशी kanyānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
कन्येत kanyet |
कन्यांत kanyāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
कन्ये kanye |
कन्यांनो kanyānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of कन्या (fem ā-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
कन्येचा kanyeċā |
कन्येचे kanyeċe |
कन्येची kanyecī |
कन्येच्या kanyecā |
कन्येचे, कन्येचं kanyeċe, kanyeċa |
कन्येची kanyecī |
कन्येच्या kanyecā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
कन्यांचा kanyānċā |
कन्यांचे kanyānċe |
कन्यांची kanyāñcī |
कन्यांच्या kanyāncā |
कन्यांचे, कन्यांचं kanyānċe, kanyānċa |
कन्यांची kanyāñcī |
कन्यांच्या kanyāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Derived terms
- कन्यादान (kanyādān)
See also
| Zodiac signs in Marathi · राशी (rāśī) (layout · text) | |||||||||||
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| मेष (meṣ) | वृषभ (vŕṣabh) | मिथुन (mithun) | कर्क (karka) | ||||||||
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| सिंह (siuha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तूळ (tūḷ) | वृश्चिक (vŕścik) | ||||||||
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| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makar) | कुंभ (kumbha) | मीन (mīn) | ||||||||
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “कन्या”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “कन्या”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Nepali
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कन्या (kanyā).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key):
- Phonetic Devanagari: कन्या
- IPA(key):
- Phonetic Devanagari: क्aन्न्y्ā
Noun
कन्या • (kanyā) f
- girl
- Synonym: केटी (keṭī)
- virgin
- Synonym: कुमारी (kumārī)
- (astronomy) The constellation Virgo
- (astrology) A virgo
See also
| Zodiac signs in Nepali · राशि (rāśi) (layout · text) | |||||||||||
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| मेष (meṣ) | वृष (vr̥ṣ) | मिथुन (mithuna) | कर्कट (karkaṭ) | ||||||||
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| सिंह (siṅha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तुला (tulā) | वृश्चिक (vr̥ścik) | ||||||||
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| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makar) | कुम्भ (kumbha) | मीन (mīna) | ||||||||
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- কন্যা (Assamese script)
- ᬓᬦ᭄ᬬᬵ (Balinese script)
- কন্যা (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰡𑰿𑰧𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑀦𑁆𑀬𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ကနျာ (Burmese script)
- કન્યા (Gujarati script)
- ਕਨ੍ਯਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌕𑌨𑍍𑌯𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦏꦤꦾꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂍𑂢𑂹𑂨𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಕನ್ಯಾ (Kannada script)
- កន្យា (Khmer script)
- ກນ຺ຍາ (Lao script)
- കന്യാ (Malayalam script)
- ᡬᠠᠨᠶᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘎𑘡𑘿𑘧𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠠᠨᠶᠠᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦮𑧁𑧠𑧇𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐵 (Newa script)
- କନ୍ଯା (Odia script)
- ꢒꢥ꣄ꢫꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑆤𑇀𑆪𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖡𑖿𑖧𑖯 (Siddham script)
- කන්යා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩜𑩯 𑪙𑩻𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚊𑚝𑚶𑚣𑚭 (Takri script)
- கந்யா (Tamil script)
- కన్యా (Telugu script)
- กนฺยา (Thai script)
- ཀ་ནྱཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑒢𑓂𑒨𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨋𑨝𑩇𑨪𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kanyáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kanyáH (“maiden, virgin, unmarried girl”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬁 (kaniiā, “maiden”), Middle Persian (knykʿ /kanīg/) (whence Persian کنیز (kaniz)), Latin re-cēns (“recent; fresh; young”), Ancient Greek καινός (kainós, “new”).
Pronunciation
Noun
कन्या • (kanyā̀) stem, f
- maiden, virgin, unmarried girl
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.58.9:
- क॒न्या॑ इव वह॒तुमेत॒वा उ॑ अ॒ञ्ज्य॑ञ्जा॒ना अ॒भि चा॑कशीमि।
यत्र॒ सोम॑: सू॒यते॒ यत्र॑ य॒ज्ञो घृ॒तस्य॒ धारा॑ अ॒भि तत्प॑वन्ते॥- kanyā̀ iva vahatúmétavā́ u añjyàñjānā́ abhí cākaśīmi.
yátra sóma: sūyáte yátra yajñó ghṛtásya dhā́rā abhí tátpavante. - As maidens dock themselves with gay adornment to join the bridal feast, I now behold them.
Where Soma flows and sacrifice is ready, thither the streams of holy oil are running.
- kanyā̀ iva vahatúmétavā́ u añjyàñjānā́ abhí cākaśīmi.
- क॒न्या॑ इव वह॒तुमेत॒वा उ॑ अ॒ञ्ज्य॑ञ्जा॒ना अ॒भि चा॑कशीमि।
- a daughter
- (astrology) the sign of the zodiac Virgo
Declension
| Feminine ā-stem declension of कन्या (kanyā̀) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | कन्या kanyā̀ |
कन्ये kanyè |
कन्याः kanyā̀ḥ |
| Vocative | कन्ये kánye |
कन्ये kánye |
कन्याः kányāḥ |
| Accusative | कन्याम् kanyā̀m |
कन्ये kanyè |
कन्याः kanyā̀ḥ |
| Instrumental | कन्यया / कन्या¹ kanyàyā / kanyā̀¹ |
कन्याभ्याम् kanyā̀bhyām |
कन्याभिः kanyā̀bhiḥ |
| Dative | कन्यायै kanyā̀yai |
कन्याभ्याम् kanyā̀bhyām |
कन्याभ्यः kanyā̀bhyaḥ |
| Ablative | कन्यायाः / कन्यायै² kanyā̀yāḥ / kanyā̀yai² |
कन्याभ्याम् kanyā̀bhyām |
कन्याभ्यः kanyā̀bhyaḥ |
| Genitive | कन्यायाः / कन्यायै² kanyā̀yāḥ / kanyā̀yai² |
कन्ययोः kanyàyoḥ |
कन्यानाम् kanyā̀nām |
| Locative | कन्यायाम् kanyā̀yām |
कन्ययोः kanyàyoḥ |
कन्यासु kanyā̀su |
| Notes |
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Derived terms
- अकन्या (ákanyā)
- कन्याग्रहण (kanyāgrahaṇa, “taking a girl in marriage”)
- कन्याट (kanyāṭa, “following after young girls”)
- कन्यात्व (kanyātva, “virginity”)
- कन्यादातृ (kanyādātṛ, “man who gives a daughter in marriage”)
- कन्यादान (kanyādāna, “bestowal of a daughter in marriage”)
- कन्याभर्तृ (kanyābhartṛ, “a daughter's husband, son-in-law”)
- कन्याभाव (kanyābhāva, “virginity, maidenhood”)
- कन्यार्थिन् (kanyārthin, “wanting or desiring a girl”)
- कन्यावत् (kanyāvat, “having a daughter, father”)
- कन्यावेदिन् (kanyāvedin, “son-in-law”)
Descendants
- Balinese: ᬓᬦ᭄ᬬ (kanya)
- Gandhari: 𐨐𐨎𐨙 (kaṃña)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (kaṇṇā)
- Pali: kaññā
- → Kannada: ಕನ್ಯೆ (kanye)
- → Burmese: ကန် (kan)
- → Hindustani:
- → Lü: ᦂᧃᦍᦱ (k̇anyaa)
- → Old Marathi:
- → Marathi: कन्या (kanyā)
- → Telugu: కన్య (kanya)
- → Thai: กันยา (gan-yaa)
- → Bhojpuri: 𑂍𑂢𑂱𑂨𑂰 (kaniyā)
See also
| Zodiac signs in Sanskrit (layout · text) | |||||||||||
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| मेष (meṣa) | ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) | मिथुन (mithuna) | कर्कटक (karkaṭaka) | ||||||||
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| सिंह (siṃha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तुला (tulā) | वृश्चिक (vṛścika) | ||||||||
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| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makara) | कुम्भ (kumbha) | मीन (mīna) | ||||||||
References
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “कन्या”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- “कन्या” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 108.
- Monier Williams (1899) “कन्या”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0249.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “कन्या”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 062
- Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 187
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 297-8