金剛

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See also: 金刚

Chinese

Wikipedia has articles on:
metal; gold; money
hard; firm; strong
hard; firm; strong; just; barely; exactly
 
trad. (金剛) 金 剛
simp. (金刚) 金 刚

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 金 剛
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 侵 (140) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III I
Fanqie 居吟切 古郎切
Baxter kim kang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠiɪm/ /kɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚim/ /kɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiem/ /kɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kjim/ /kaŋ/
Li
Rong 		/kjəm/ /kɑŋ/
Wang
Li 		/kĭĕm/ /kɑŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki̯əm/ /kɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jīn gāng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gam1 gong1

Etymology 1

Noun

金剛

  1. (～石) diamond
  2. (figuratively) object that is extremely hard and strong
  3. (Buddhism) vajra
  4. (Buddhism) tutelary of Buddhist teaching
    • 1883, Adele Marion Fielde, “金”, in A Pronouncing and Defining Dictionary of the Swatow Dialect, Arranged According to Syllables and Tones, Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press, page 249:
      就是金剛，我亦欲看伊處土。
      就是金刚，我亦欲看伊处土。
      zu7 si6 gim1 geng1, ua2 ia7 ain3 kang3 i1 go3 thou5.
      Though he were the gods that guard the temple gates I would treat him as if he were clay.
  5. pupa of some insects
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (金剛):

Further reading

Etymology 2

Phono-semantic matching of English King Kong.

Proper noun

金剛

  1. King Kong (fictional giant ape)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
金 剛
こん
Grade: 1 		ごう
Grade: S
goon kan'yōon
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

/komʉ kau/ → /koŋɡau/ → /koŋɡɔː/ → /koŋɡoː/

From Middle Chinese 金剛 (MC kim kang), itself a translation of Sanskrit वज्र (vajra, “diamond, adamant; thunderbolt”).

Compare modern Cantonese 金剛 / 金刚 (gam1 gong1).

Pronunciation

Noun

金(こん)剛(ごう) • (kongō) ←こんがう (kongau)?

  1. an adamant (mythical rock thought to be of impenetrable hardness)
  2. (by extension) something extremely solid and indestructible
  3. (by extension) the firmness of one's own spirit and the strength of one's own spiritual power
  4. short for 金剛石 (kongōseki): a diamond as a mineral or gemstone
  5. (Buddhism) short for 金剛界 (kongōkai): the Diamond Realm in Vajrayana Buddhism
  6. (Buddhism) short for 金剛杵 (kongōsho): a vajra (Buddhist double-headed ceremonial mace)
  7. (Buddhism) short for 金剛力士 (kongō rikishi): a pair of vajra-wielding deities guarding most Buddhist temples
  8. (Buddhism) short for 金剛童子 (kongō dōshi): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  9. short for 金剛草履 (kongō zōri): a large zori made from straw or soft rush
  10. (by extension, theater) an actor or prostitute in charge of footwear, mostly handling kongō zōri

Derived terms

See also

Proper noun

金(こん)剛(ごう) • (Kongō) ←こんがう (Kongau)?

  1. short for 金剛座 (Kongōza): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  2. (theater) short for 金剛流 (Kongō-ryū): a leading school of noh
  3. (historical) a class of battlecruisers in the Imperial Japanese Navy built before World War I, see Kongō-class battlecruiser on Wikipedia.Wikipedia (Should we delete(+) this sense?)
    Hyponyms: 霧島 (Kirishima), 榛名 (Haruna), 比叡 (Hiei)
  4. (historical) the lead ship of her class, which was rebuilt into a battleship in 1929, see Japanese battleship Kongō on Wikipedia.Wikipedia (Should we delete(+) this sense?)
  5. a placename
  6. a surname, especially used by masters of the Kongō-ryū
  7. a male or female given name

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ “金剛”, in 改訂新版 世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ “金剛”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014

Korean

Hanja in this term
金剛

Noun

金剛 • (geumgang) (hangeul 금강)

  1. hanja form? of 금강 (“diamond”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
金剛

Noun

金剛

  1. chữ Hán form of kim cương (“diamond”)
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