香港
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Chinese
| fragrant good-smelling incense |
harbour | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (香港) | 香 | 港 | |
| simp. #(香港) | 香 | 港 | |
Etymology
The name 香港 first appeared on a map in 粵大記 as a label for an island that seems to be Ap Lei Chau. In the two Gazetteer of Xin'an County (新安縣志) published in 1688 and 1819, 香港 was the name of a village (as 香港村). The village was likely located in Wong Chuk Hang in the south of Hong Kong Island as indicated by 19th-century maps.
18th-century western maps appear to render the name of Hong Kong Island as Fan Chin Chow (or its variants), which appears to be a Hakka romanization of 飯甑洲 (Kwok and Cheung, 2007). In the Treaty of Nanking signed in 1842, the name 香港 referred to the entire Hong Kong Island.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hoeng1 gong2
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): hoeng1 gong2
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): hiang1 kong2
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hoeng1 gong2
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): Hióng-gǒ̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): Hiŏng-gē̤ng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hyorng1 gang3 / hyoeng1 gang3
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): Hiong-káng / Hiang-káng
- (Teochew, Peng'im): hiang1 gang2
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1shian-kaon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Xiānggǎng
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄤˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Sianggǎng
- Wade–Giles: Hsiang1-kang3
- Yale: Syāng-gǎng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shianggaang
- Palladius: Сянган (Sjangan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hoeng1 gong2
- Yale: hēung góng
- Cantonese Pinyin: hoeng1 gong2
- Guangdong Romanization: hêng1 gong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hœːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: hoeng1 gong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /høŋ²¹³ kɔŋ³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hiang1 kong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiaŋ³³ kʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Hiông-kóng
- Hakka Romanization System: hiongˊ gongˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hiong1 gong3
- Sinological IPA: /hi̯oŋ²⁴ koŋ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: hiongˋ gongˊ
- Sinological IPA: /hioŋ⁵³ koŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Hióng-gǒ̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /xiɔŋ⁵⁴ kɔŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: Hiŏng-gē̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hyoŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ (k-)ŋøyŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hyorng1 gang3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Hio̤ng-gâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hyɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hyoeng1 gang3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hyøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ kaŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hiong-káng
- Tâi-lô: Hiong-káng
- Phofsit Daibuun: hiongkarng
- IPA (Singapore): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴²/
- IPA (Xiamen): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /hiɔŋ³³ kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Penang, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hiang-káng
- Tâi-lô: Hiang-káng
- Phofsit Daibuun: hiangkarng
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Singapore): /hiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴²/
- IPA (Penang): /hiaŋ³³⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hiang1 gang2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiang káng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiaŋ³³⁻²³ kaŋ⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore)
- Wu
Proper noun
香港
- (～特別行政區) Hong Kong (a city and special administrative region in southeastern China)
- (～島) Hong Kong, Hong Kong Island (an island of Hong Kong, China)
- (～村) (historical) Hong Kong (a former village on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, China)
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 香港, 香港特別行政區 official, 港 short | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 香港 |
| Singapore | 香港 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 香港, 香港地, 下便, 桂枝 slang |
| Hong Kong | 香港, 香港地 | |
| Macau | 香港 | |
| Taishan | 香港 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 香港 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 香港 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 香港 |
| Tainan | 香港 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 香港 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 香港 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 香港 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 香港 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 香港 |
Derived terms
Descendants
Others:
- → English: Hong Kong, Xianggang
- → French: Hong Kong, Hongkong
- → Japanese: シャンガン (Shangan)
- → Lao: ຮົງກົງ (hong kong)
- → Mongolian: Хонконг (Xonkong) (Mongolia)
- → Mongolian: ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠᠩ (siyangɣang) (China)
- → Russian: Сянга́н (Sjangán)
- → Thai: ฮ่องกง (hɔ̂ng-gong)
- → Tibetan: ཞང་ཀང (zhang kang)
- → Uyghur: شياڭگاڭ (shyanggang)
- → Vietnamese: Hồng Công, Hồng Kông
- → Zhuang: Yanghgangj
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 香 | 港 |
| ほん Grade: 4 |
こん Grade: 3 |
| irregular | |
Etymology
From English Hong Kong, ultimately from Cantonese 香港 (hoeng1 gong2).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
- Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)
- 中華人民共和国香港特別行政区
- Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku Hon Kon Tokubetsu Gyōseiku
- the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
- 中華人民共和国香港特別行政区
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 香 | 港 |
Proper noun
- hanja form? of 향항 : Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 香 | 港 |
Proper noun
香港
- chữ Hán form of Hương Cảng: (historical, dated in colloquial usage, sometimes used in literary contexts) Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)