тримати

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian тримати (trimati), from Old Polish trzymać, from Proto-Slavic *trimati.

Pronunciation

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Verb

трима́ти • (trymáty) impf (transitive)

1. to hold (to grip or grasp)

   трима́ти рука́ми ― trymáty rukámy ― to hold with one's hands

   трима́ти в зуба́х ― trymáty v zubáx ― to hold in one's teeth

2. to hold, to keep (to keep in a certain position or state)

   трима́ти у стра́ху ― trymáty u stráxu ― to frighten, to terrify

   трима́ти у пові́трі ― trymáty u povítri ― to keep in the air

   трима́ти в зару́чниках ― trymáty v zarúčnykax ― to hold hostage

3. to hold back, to detain, to stop, to keep (to prevent from commencing an action)

   що тебе́ тут трима́є? ― ščo tebé tut trymáje? ― What is keeping/keeps you here?

   це єди́на річ, яка́ мене́ трима́тає від... ― ce jedýna rič, jaká mené trymátaje vid... ― This is the only thing keeping me from...

4. to bear, to support, to prop up, to undergird (to prevent from collapsing/falling apart)
5. to keep (to continue in (a course or mode of action); to uphold or maintain)

   трима́ти ві́дстань ― trymáty vídstanʹ ― to keep distance

   трима́ти мовча́ння ― trymáty movčánnja ― to keep silence

   трима́ти курс ― trymáty kurs ― to head, to be headed

6. to store (to keep something in a designated place while not in use)

   трима́ти у пам'яті ― trymáty u pamʺjati ― to keep in one's memory, to remember

   трима́ти в холоди́льнику ― trymáty v xolodýlʹnyku ― to keep/store in the fridge

7. to keep, to own (of living creatures, plants)

   трима́ти коне́й ― trymáty konéj ― to keep horses

   трима́ти рабі́в ― trymáty rabív ― to keep slaves

8. (colloquial) to take for, to think of as (strictly in a negative sense: to take accusative (someone) + за (for) + accusative (someone))

   трима́ти за ду́рня ― trymáty za dúrnja ― to take someone for a fool

9. (rare) to persist

Conjugation

Derived terms

• трима́тися impf (trymátysja)

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “тримати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “тримати”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)
• “тримати”, in Словник.ua (in Ukrainian)