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砥. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
砥, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
砥 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
砥 you have here. The definition of the word
砥 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
砥, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
砥 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一口竹心一 (MRHPM) or 一口竹女戈 (MRHVI), four-corner 12640, composition ⿰石氐)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 828, character 37
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24093
- Dae Jaweon: page 1243, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2424, character 14
- Unihan data for U+7825
Chinese
Glyph origin
|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 低
|
*tiːl
|
| 氐
|
*tiːl, *til
|
| 袛
|
*tiːl
|
| 羝
|
*tiːl
|
| 眡
|
*tiːl, *djilʔ
|
| 岻
|
*tiːl, *dil
|
| 奃
|
*tiːl
|
| 趆
|
*tiːl, *tiːls
|
| 柢
|
*tiːl, *tiːlʔ, *tiːls
|
| 邸
|
*tiːlʔ
|
| 底
|
*tiːlʔ
|
| 詆
|
*tiːlʔ, *diːl
|
| 坻
|
*tiːlʔ, *tjelʔ, *dil
|
| 抵
|
*tiːlʔ
|
| 牴
|
*tiːlʔ
|
| 觝
|
*tiːlʔ
|
| 弤
|
*tiːlʔ
|
| 軧
|
*tiːlʔ
|
| 骶
|
*tiːls
|
| 砥
|
*tjelʔ, *tjil, *tjilʔ, *tjils
|
| 胝
|
*til
|
| 疷
|
*til
|
| 秪
|
*til
|
| 泜
|
*dil
|
| 蚳
|
*dil
|
| 彽
|
*dil
|
| 阺
|
*dil
|
| 貾
|
*dil
|
| 祗
|
*tjil
|
| 厎
|
*tjilʔ, *tjɯʔ
|
| 茋
|
*tjilʔ
|
| 鴟
|
*tʰjil
|
| 汦
|
*kjeʔ, *tjil
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjelʔ, *tjil, *tjilʔ, *tjils) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: dai2, zi1, zi2
- Yale: dái, jī, jí
- Cantonese Pinyin: dai2, dzi1, dzi2
- Guangdong Romanization: dei2, ji1, ji2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɐi̯³⁵/, /t͡siː⁵⁵/, /t͡siː³⁵/
- Southern Min
Note:
- té - literary;
- tí - vernacular.
| Rime
|
| Character
|
砥
|
砥
|
砥
|
| Reading #
|
1/3
|
2/3
|
3/3
|
| Initial (聲)
|
章 (23)
|
章 (23)
|
章 (23)
|
| Final (韻)
|
脂 (15)
|
支 (11)
|
脂 (17)
|
| Tone (調)
|
Level (Ø)
|
Rising (X)
|
Rising (X)
|
| Openness (開合)
|
Open
|
Open
|
Open
|
| Division (等)
|
III
|
III
|
III
|
| Fanqie
|
旨夷切
|
諸氏切
|
職雉切
|
| Baxter
|
tsyij
|
tsyeX
|
tsyijX
|
| Reconstructions
|
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
|
/t͡ɕiɪ/
|
/t͡ɕiᴇX/
|
/t͡ɕˠiɪX/
|
Pan
Wuyun
|
/t͡ɕi/
|
/t͡ɕiɛX/
|
/t͡ɕᵚiX/
|
Shao
Rongfen
|
/t͡ɕjɪ/
|
/t͡ɕjɛX/
|
/t͡ɕiɪX/
|
Edwin
Pulleyblank
|
/ci/
|
/ciə̆X/
|
/cjiX/
|
Li
Rong
|
/t͡ɕi/
|
/t͡ɕieX/
|
/t͡ɕjiX/
|
Wang
Li
|
/t͡ɕi/
|
/t͡ɕǐeX/
|
/t͡ɕiX/
|
Bernard
Karlgren
|
/t͡ɕi/
|
/t͡ɕie̯X/
|
/t͡ɕiX/
|
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
|
zhī
|
zhǐ
|
zhǐ
|
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
|
zi1
|
zi2
|
zi2
|
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
砥
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
zhǐ
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ tsyijX ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*tijʔ/
|
| English
|
whetstone
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
砥
|
砥
|
砥
|
砥
|
| Reading #
|
1/4
|
2/4
|
3/4
|
4/4
|
| No.
|
2258
|
2271
|
2273
|
2275
|
Phonetic
component
|
氐
|
氐
|
氐
|
氐
|
Rime
group
|
歌
|
脂
|
脂
|
脂
|
Rime
subdivision
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
紙
|
脂
|
旨
|
至
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*tjelʔ/
|
/*tjil/
|
/*tjilʔ/
|
/*tjils/
|
Definitions
砥
- (literary) fine-grained whetstone
- † to grind; to polish
- † to temper oneself; to steel oneself
- † smooth; level; even
Compounds
See also
- 磨刀石 (módāoshí)
- 磨石 (móshí)
References
Japanese
Kanji
砥
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
砥 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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