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See also:
U+5E95, 底
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E95

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 53, 广+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹心一 (IHPM) or 戈竹女戈 (IHVI), four-corner 00242, composition 广)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 344, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9262
  • Dae Jaweon: page 653, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 878, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5E95

Chinese

trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *tiːlʔ): semantic 广 (building) + phonetic (OC *tiːl, *til) – the bottom or base, foundation of a building. Note that 氐 is a figure bowing or stooping, hence connotation of “down”.

Etymology 1

Cognate with (OC *tiːl, “to lower; low”), (OC *tiːl, *tiːlʔ, *tiːls, “root of a tree; base”).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • tái - vernacular;
  • tí - literary.
  • Jin
  • Eastern Min
  • Note:
    • dā̤ - vernacular;
    • dī - literary.
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
      • té - literary;
      • tóe - vernacular;
      • tí - vernacular (limited, e.g. 到底).
    • Zhangzhou:
      • té - literary;
      • tí - vernacular (limited, e.g. 到底).
    • Taiwan:
      • té/tóe/tére - vernacular;
      • tí - literary.
  • (Teochew)
  • Note:
    • doi2/doin2 - vernacular;
    • di2 - literary.
  • Wu

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /ti²¹⁴/
    Harbin /ti²¹³/
    Tianjin /ti¹³/
    Jinan /ti⁵⁵/
    Qingdao /ti⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /ti⁵³/
    Xi'an /ti⁵³/
    Xining /t͡sz̩⁵³/
    Yinchuan /ti⁵³/
    Lanzhou /ti⁴⁴²/
    Ürümqi /ti⁵¹/
    Wuhan /ti⁴²/
    Chengdu /ti⁵³/
    Guiyang /ti⁴²/
    Kunming /ti⁵³/
    Nanjing /ti²¹²/
    Hefei /t͡sz̩⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /ti⁵³/
    Pingyao /ti⁵³/
    Hohhot /ti⁵³/
    Wu Shanghai /ti³⁵/
    Suzhou /ti⁵¹/
    Hangzhou /ti⁵³/
    Wenzhou /tei³⁵/
    Hui Shexian /ti³⁵/
    Tunxi /te³¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ti⁴¹/
    Xiangtan /ti⁴²/
    Gan Nanchang /ti²¹³/
    Hakka Meixian /tai³¹/
    Taoyuan /tɑi³¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /tɐi³⁵/
    Nanning /tɐi²²/
    Hong Kong /tɐi³⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /te⁵³/
    /tue⁵³/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tɛ³²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tai²¹/
    Shantou (Teochew) /toi⁵³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔdi²¹³/
    /ʔdɔi²¹³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (5)
    Final () (39)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () IV
    Fanqie
    Baxter tejX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /teiX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /teiX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /tɛiX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /tɛjX/
    Li
    Rong
    /teiX/
    Wang
    Li
    /tieiX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /tieiX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    dai2
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ tejX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*tˁijʔ/
    English bottom; stop, obstruct

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 2244
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*tiːlʔ/

    Definitions

    1. bottom; underneath; underside
    2. ground; background
    3. ins and outs; actual situation
    4. master copy
    5. (Cantonese) copy kept as a record
      [Cantonese]  ―  lau4 dai2   ―  to keep a copy
    6. end (of a year or month)
      See also: 年底, 月底
      六月 [Cantonese]  ―  luk6 jyut6 dai2   ―  end of June
    7. remnants; remains; leftovers
    8. (Southern Min) inside
      [Teochew]  ―  in the congee
    9. (mathematics) base (of triangle, logarithm, etc.)
    10. (Cantonese) staple food as the base of a meal
      伊麵伊面 [Cantonese]  ―  ji1 min6 dai2   ―  e-fu noodles as the base (e.g., for lobster)
      [Cantonese]  ―  gaa1 dai2   ―  to add rice in a meal
    11. (Hong Kong Cantonese) tendency in one's personality; leaning
      [Cantonese]  ―  cou3 dai2   ―  having a bad temper
      [Cantonese]  ―  hung4 dai2   ―  having pro-CCP leanings
      M [Cantonese]  ―  em1 dai2   ―  having a masochistic side
    12. (Cantonese) physique; constitution (of a person)
      [Cantonese]  ―  hon4 dai2   ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    13. (Cantonese) ground; foundation
      [Cantonese]  ―  ngo5 sou3 dai2 hou2 caa1.   ―  My foundation of math is very poor.
    14. (Cantonese) background (of a person); criminal record
      [Cantonese]  ―  keoi5 go3 dai2 faa1 saai3.   ―  His criminal record is all dirty and messy.
    15. (Cantonese) underpants (short for 底褲底裤 (dai2 fu3)) (Classifier: c)
      [Cantonese]  ―  hung4 dai2   ―  red underpants
      [Cantonese]  ―  lou6 dai2   ―  to expose one's underpants
    16. (Cantonese) Classifier for pastry made or served in flat-shaped container.
      雞蛋仔鸡蛋仔 [Cantonese]  ―  bun3 dai2 gai1 daan6 zai2   ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
      過年蘿蔔糕年糕 [Cantonese, trad.]
      过年萝卜糕年糕 [Cantonese, simp.]
      gwo3 nin4 zing2 zo2 jat1 dai2 lo4 baak6 gou1 tung4 jat1 dai2 nin4 gou1.
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    17. Short for 底細底细 (dǐxì).

    Compounds

    Etymology 2

    Pronunciation


    Definitions

    1. possessive particle, equivalent to modern Mandarin (de)

    Etymology 3

    From (MC tojX), probably a clipping or influenced by 何等 (OC *ɡaːl tɯːʔ/tɯːŋʔ).

    Pronunciation



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (5)
    Final () (39)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () IV
    Fanqie
    Baxter tejX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /teiX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /teiX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /tɛiX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /tɛjX/
    Li
    Rong
    /teiX/
    Wang
    Li
    /tieiX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /tieiX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    dai2

    Definitions

    1. (literary or Min) which; what

    Synonyms

    Compounds

    References

    Japanese

    Kanji

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    そこ
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    (そこ) (soko

    1. the bottom
      (そこ)(しず)
      soko ni shizumu
      sink to the bottom
    Antonyms
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term
    てい
    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (tejX).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    (てい) (tei

    1. base of a logarithm

    References

    1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

    Korean

    Hanja

    (jeo, ji) (hangeul , , revised jeo, ji, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, chi)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    : Hán Nôm readings: để, đáy, đễ

    1. to place