Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word User:DDG9912. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word User:DDG9912, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say User:DDG9912 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word User:DDG9912 you have here. The definition of the word User:DDG9912 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofUser:DDG9912, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
I normally only speak Indonesian, also understand some Banjarese (the closest to Indonesian). I have been unable to speak any regional language (this phenomenon is also common in parts of Indonesia). As a someone with a loud and fast accent, I have been stigmatised of being rude...
There's nothing unique in the general accent of Samarinda, since it have become very similar to that of Jakarta (or Betawi). Although bungul(“dumb”) does exist in Banjarese (and used in Samarinda), the synonymous term bongol also occurs in Jakarta. We can blame Jakarta-centrism for this, or the failure to introduce local terms.
Colloquial Indonesian is general, while Betawi is broad. Both of them exist in a continuum.
I don't know why words for "dandruff" in many languages have obscure etymology. Contrary to the popular belief, colloquial Indonesian (< Betawi) is not always very innovative, since it retains old Proto-Malayic final syllable *-eC instead of -aC (malem ~ malam, a conservative feature!).
Vulgarities > interjections > emotive particles > negators (see also aggressive mood in Finnish).
I would like to adapt Frenchcroissant into Indonesian as *kuasang or *kruasang rather than as existing kroisan (a spelling pronunciation).
The merger of /ə/ into /e/ in some varieties of Indonesia, reminds me of some Barito languages (although no longer productive due to borrowing from Banjarese) and the languages of Maluku.
The word revert is an example of a skunked term. I always interpret unstressed /ə/ in English as .
I often have liaison, e.g. kulit ubi (/ˈkuli ˈtubi/)
I almost always pronounce pepet and lemper as /ˈpɛpɛt/ and /ˈlɛmpɛr/, not as original /ˈpəpət/ and /ˈləmpər/ (partially due to difficulty of pronouncing schwas in disyllabic words).
In general, the merger of /ə/ to /e/, while being common in North Sumatra and eastern Indonesia, it is still sporadic in standard Indonesian (e.g. terong and esa).
Pre-final syllables are frequently reduced into consonant + /ə/.
Rhotic accent, like that of the Philippines, but unlike Malaysia or Singapore.
Yod coalescence, sometimes occuring before /u/.
/ð/, /θ/ → /d/, /t/.
Confusion of /v/ and /f/, shared with Dutch English and some Dutch dialects (including Afrikaans).
Occasional omission of plurals, including -s (similar to spoken French), a Southeast Asian areal feature.
/iː/, /uː/ → sporadically /e/, /o/ due to written Dutch influence, although no one in the Netherlands nor in Belgium pronounce English words this way (these are almost always pronounced /i, u/, except in shampoo where /oː/ is used).
Spelling variations in Indonesian names
Use of Dutch digraphs, such as ch, sj, oe, and ie, due to the influence of Van Ophuijsen spelling.
Doubled letters, which are actually pronounced as single.
Other silent letters, such as h after consonants or in few other cases, t (as in my name Danisht) or c (as in Priscilla).
Shabrina is an unique case, -h- was added to original Sabrina due to folk etymology. However, sh- can be pronounced either as /s/ or /ʃ/.
Variation between -y- ~ -w- and -i- ~ -u-, especially when adjacent to vowels and being word-finally.
Eccentric letters, including c ~ q ~ k, x ~ ks.
Other notes on Indonesian names
Indonesian modern naming customs have more similarities with those in the Mediterranean basin and the Middle East, particularly southern Europe and the Levant. Dutch and English, also influence the naming occasionally.
Emily is rarely used in Indonesia (with notable exception of Emily Laras, the name of an Indonesian celebrity popular in early 2010s), and the Latinate version Emilia (from Italy or Spain) serves instead. Charlotte and Marilou are extremely rare too.
That's why Indonesians would prefer Italian or Spanish names instead of French ones.
The reason why there are only few "very popular" names in Indonesia, it is because many of the younger people have irregular spellings on their names (see above), rendered as distinct names.
Southern Romance (incl. Spanish and Italian) name suffixes -iana, -ina and -ita are common in female names.
Note that full names are mostly only stressed on the first name. Indonesian names are in fact treated as a single name.
Muhammad is technically a name prefix in Indonesian, if there is such, then the person is called with the following names onwards.
Azzahra is such a confusing name. Unlike surnames, it is not an inherited name, but it most often placed last (or second) to female names, making it a special case of epithet. Other cases include Ramadhani.
Such names may become proper surnames if it is inherited by their children, similar to the case of Angelina Jolie (the original surname was removed, and her second name became a surname, inherited by her children).
Place name details
There is a tendency to shorten placenames (especially in Indonesia, but not all of them) into monomorphemic ones.
Banda Aceh → Aceh (ambiguous with the Indonesian province sense)
The meanings of the word manset(“manchette”) have evolved unusually rapid. I don't really understand how its meaning changed from "cuff" to "spandex". For convenience, I would use manchette/mɒŋˈʃɛt/ instead.