chafuka

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Swahili

Etymology

From -chafu (“dirty”).

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-chafuka (infinitive kuchafuka)

  1. to be dirty
  2. to be stormy, rough (of the sea)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -chafuka
Positive present -nachafuka
Subjunctive -chafuke
Negative -chafuki
Imperative singular chafuka
Infinitives
Positive kuchafuka
Negative kutochafuka
Imperatives
Singular chafuka
Plural chafukeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huchafuka
Positive past positive subject concord + -lichafuka
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuchafuka
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nachafuka)
Singular Plural
1st person ninachafuka/nachafuka tunachafuka
2nd person unachafuka mnachafuka
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anachafuka wanachafuka
other classes positive subject concord + -nachafuka
Negative present (negative subject concord + -chafuki)
Singular Plural
1st person sichafuki hatuchafuki
2nd person huchafuki hamchafuki
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hachafuki hawachafuki
other classes negative subject concord + -chafuki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tachafuka
Negative future negative subject concord + -tachafuka
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -chafuke)
Singular Plural
1st person nichafuke tuchafuke
2nd person uchafuke mchafuke
3rd person m-wa(I/II) achafuke wachafuke
other classes positive subject concord + -chafuke
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sichafuke
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngechafuka
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singechafuka
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalichafuka
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalichafuka
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -achafuka)
Singular Plural
1st person nachafuka twachafuka
2nd person wachafuka mwachafuka
3rd person m-wa(I/II) achafuka wachafuka
m-mi(III/IV) wachafuka yachafuka
ji-ma(V/VI) lachafuka yachafuka
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chachafuka vyachafuka
n(IX/X) yachafuka zachafuka
u(XI) wachafuka see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwachafuka
pa(XVI) pachafuka
mu(XVIII) mwachafuka
Perfect positive subject concord + -mechafuka
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshachafuka
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jachafuka
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kichafuka
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipochafuka
Consecutive kachafuka / positive subject concord + -kachafuka
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kachafuke
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nichafuka -tuchafuka
2nd person -kuchafuka -wachafuka/-kuchafukeni/-wachafukeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mchafuka -wachafuka
m-mi(III/IV) -uchafuka -ichafuka
ji-ma(V/VI) -lichafuka -yachafuka
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kichafuka -vichafuka
n(IX/X) -ichafuka -zichafuka
u(XI) -uchafuka see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuchafuka
pa(XVI) -pachafuka
mu(XVIII) -muchafuka
Reflexive -jichafuka
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -chafuka- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -chafukaye -chafukao
m-mi(III/IV) -chafukao -chafukayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -chafukalo -chafukayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chafukacho -chafukavyo
n(IX/X) -chafukayo -chafukazo
u(XI) -chafukao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -chafukako
pa(XVI) -chafukapo
mu(XVIII) -chafukamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -chafuka)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yechafuka -ochafuka
m-mi(III/IV) -ochafuka -yochafuka
ji-ma(V/VI) -lochafuka -yochafuka
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chochafuka -vyochafuka
n(IX/X) -yochafuka -zochafuka
u(XI) -ochafuka see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kochafuka
pa(XVI) -pochafuka
mu(XVIII) -mochafuka
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia