keshana

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Swahili

Verb

-keshana (infinitive kukeshana)

  1. Reciprocal form of -kesha

Conjugation

Conjugation of -keshana
Positive present -nakeshana
Subjunctive -keshane
Negative -keshani
Imperative singular keshana
Infinitives
Positive kukeshana
Negative kutokeshana
Imperatives
Singular keshana
Plural keshaneni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukeshana
Positive past positive subject concord + -likeshana
Negative past negative subject concord + -kukeshana
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakeshana)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakeshana/nakeshana tunakeshana
2nd person unakeshana mnakeshana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakeshana wanakeshana
other classes positive subject concord + -nakeshana
Negative present (negative subject concord + -keshani)
Singular Plural
1st person sikeshani hatukeshani
2nd person hukeshani hamkeshani
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakeshani hawakeshani
other classes negative subject concord + -keshani
Positive future positive subject concord + -takeshana
Negative future negative subject concord + -takeshana
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -keshane)
Singular Plural
1st person nikeshane tukeshane
2nd person ukeshane mkeshane
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akeshane wakeshane
other classes positive subject concord + -keshane
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikeshane
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekeshana
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekeshana
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikeshana
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikeshana
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akeshana)
Singular Plural
1st person nakeshana twakeshana
2nd person wakeshana mwakeshana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akeshana wakeshana
m-mi(III/IV) wakeshana yakeshana
ji-ma(V/VI) lakeshana yakeshana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakeshana vyakeshana
n(IX/X) yakeshana zakeshana
u(XI) wakeshana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwakeshana
pa(XVI) pakeshana
mu(XVIII) mwakeshana
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekeshana
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakeshana
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakeshana
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kikeshana
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokeshana
Consecutive kakeshana / positive subject concord + -kakeshana
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakeshane
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nikeshana -tukeshana
2nd person -kukeshana -wakeshana/-kukeshaneni/-wakeshaneni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkeshana -wakeshana
m-mi(III/IV) -ukeshana -ikeshana
ji-ma(V/VI) -likeshana -yakeshana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikeshana -vikeshana
n(IX/X) -ikeshana -zikeshana
u(XI) -ukeshana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kukeshana
pa(XVI) -pakeshana
mu(XVIII) -mukeshana
Reflexive -jikeshana
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -keshana- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -keshanaye -keshanao
m-mi(III/IV) -keshanao -keshanayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -keshanalo -keshanayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -keshanacho -keshanavyo
n(IX/X) -keshanayo -keshanazo
u(XI) -keshanao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -keshanako
pa(XVI) -keshanapo
mu(XVIII) -keshanamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -keshana)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekeshana -okeshana
m-mi(III/IV) -okeshana -yokeshana
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokeshana -yokeshana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokeshana -vyokeshana
n(IX/X) -yokeshana -zokeshana
u(XI) -okeshana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokeshana
pa(XVI) -pokeshana
mu(XVIII) -mokeshana
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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