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Galician
Etymology
Attested since circa 1300. Probably from machar (“to grind”), from macho (“mallet”), from Latin marculus (“small hammer”).
Pronunciation
Verb
machucar (first-person singular present machuco, first-person singular preterite machuquei, past participle machucado)
- (transitive) to hurt; to injure with a blunt weapon
- Synonym: magoar
- (transitive) to squash, crush, smash
- Synonym: esmagar
Conjugation
Conjugation of machucar (c-qu alternation)
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Singular
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Plural
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First-person (eu)
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Second-person (ti / tu)
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Third-person (ele / ela / você)
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First-person (nós)
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Second-person (vós)
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Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
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Infinitive
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Impersonal
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machucar
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Personal
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machucar
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machucares
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machucar
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machucarmos
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machucardes
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machucarem
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Gerund
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machucando
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Past participle
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Masculine
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machucado
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machucados
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Feminine
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machucada
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machucadas
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Indicative
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Present
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machuco
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machucas
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machuca
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machucamos
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machucades, machucais
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machucam
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Imperfect
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machucava
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machucavas
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machucava
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machucávamos
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machucávades, machucáveis, machucávais1
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machucavam
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Preterite
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machuquei
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machucaste, machucache1
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machucou
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machucamos
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machucastes
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machucárom, machucaram
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Pluperfect
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machucara
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machucaras
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machucara
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machucáramos
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machucárades, machucáreis, machucárais1
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machucaram
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Future
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machucarei
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machucarás
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machucará
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machucaremos
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machucaredes, machucareis
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machucarám, machucarão
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Conditional
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machucaria
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machucarias
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machucaria
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machucaríamos
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machucaríades, machucaríeis, machucaríais1
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machucariam
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Subjunctive
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Present
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machuque
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machuques
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machuque
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machuquemos
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machuquedes, machuqueis
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machuquem
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Imperfect
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machucasse
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machucasses
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machucasse
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machucássemos
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machucássedes, machucásseis
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machucassem
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Future
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machucar
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machucares
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machucar
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machucarmos
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machucardes
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machucarem
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Imperative
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Affirmative
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machuca
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machuque
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machuquemos
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machucade, machucai
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machuquem
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Negative (nom)
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nom machuques
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nom machuque
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nom machuquemos
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nom machuquedes, nom machuqueis
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nom machuquem
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References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “machucar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “machuca”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “machucar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “machucar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “machucar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “machucar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “machucar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Portuguese
Etymology
From the verb machar (“to grind”), from macho (“mallet”), from Latin marculus (“small hammer”). Compare Spanish machucar.
Pronunciation
Verb
machucar (first-person singular present machuco, first-person singular preterite machuquei, past participle machucado)
- (transitive) to hurt (to cause physical pain)
- Synonyms: ferir, magoar
- (transitive, figurative) to hurt (to cause emotional pain)
- Synonyms: ofender, magoar
1975, Juarez Santiago, Alonso da Modinha (lyrics and music), “Ainda gosto dela”, performed by Jacinto Silva:Se ela sentisse saudade / Não me machucava assim / Só porque eu gosto dela / E ela não gosta de mim- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Further reading
Spanish
Etymology
From the verb machar (“to grind”), from macho (“mallet”), from Latin marculus (“small hammer”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mat͡ʃuˈkaɾ/
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ma‧chu‧car
Verb
machucar (first-person singular present machuco, first-person singular preterite machuqué, past participle machucado)
- to squash, crush
- to bruise
Conjugation
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of machucar (c-qu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
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singular
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plural
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1st person
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2nd person
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3rd person
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1st person
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2nd person
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3rd person
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with infinitive machucar
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dative
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machucarme
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machucarte
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machucarle, machucarse
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machucarnos
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machucaros
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machucarles, machucarse
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accusative
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machucarme
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machucarte
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machucarlo, machucarla, machucarse
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machucarnos
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machucaros
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machucarlos, machucarlas, machucarse
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with gerund machucando
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dative
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machucándome
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machucándote
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machucándole, machucándose
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machucándonos
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machucándoos
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machucándoles, machucándose
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accusative
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machucándome
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machucándote
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machucándolo, machucándola, machucándose
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machucándonos
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machucándoos
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machucándolos, machucándolas, machucándose
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with informal second-person singular tú imperative machuca
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dative
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machúcame
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machúcate
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machúcale
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machúcanos
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not used
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machúcales
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accusative
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machúcame
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machúcate
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machúcalo, machúcala
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machúcanos
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not used
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machúcalos, machúcalas
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with informal second-person singular vos imperative machucá
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dative
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machucame
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machucate
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machucale
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machucanos
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not used
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machucales
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accusative
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machucame
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machucate
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machucalo, machucala
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machucanos
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not used
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machucalos, machucalas
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with formal second-person singular imperative machuque
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dative
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machúqueme
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not used
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machúquele, machúquese
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machúquenos
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not used
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machúqueles
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accusative
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machúqueme
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not used
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machúquelo, machúquela, machúquese
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machúquenos
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not used
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machúquelos, machúquelas
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with first-person plural imperative machuquemos
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dative
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not used
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machuquémoste
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machuquémosle
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machuquémonos
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machuquémoos
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machuquémosles
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accusative
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not used
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machuquémoste
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machuquémoslo, machuquémosla
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machuquémonos
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machuquémoos
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machuquémoslos, machuquémoslas
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with informal second-person plural imperative machucad
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dative
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machucadme
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not used
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machucadle
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machucadnos
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machucaos
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machucadles
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accusative
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machucadme
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not used
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machucadlo, machucadla
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machucadnos
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machucaos
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machucadlos, machucadlas
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with formal second-person plural imperative machuquen
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dative
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machúquenme
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not used
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machúquenle
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machúquennos
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not used
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machúquenles, machúquense
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accusative
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machúquenme
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not used
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machúquenlo, machúquenla
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machúquennos
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not used
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machúquenlos, machúquenlas, machúquense
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Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading