tosha

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Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-tosha (infinitive kutosha)

  1. to suffice, to be adequate, to be enough

Conjugation

Conjugation of -tosha
Positive present -natosha
Subjunctive -toshe
Negative -toshi
Imperative singular tosha
Infinitives
Positive kutosha
Negative kutotosha
Imperatives
Singular tosha
Plural tosheni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutosha
Positive past positive subject concord + -litosha
Negative past negative subject concord + -kutosha
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natosha)
Singular Plural
1st person ninatosha/natosha tunatosha
2nd person unatosha mnatosha
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatosha wanatosha
other classes positive subject concord + -natosha
Negative present (negative subject concord + -toshi)
Singular Plural
1st person sitoshi hatutoshi
2nd person hutoshi hamtoshi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatoshi hawatoshi
other classes negative subject concord + -toshi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatosha
Negative future negative subject concord + -tatosha
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -toshe)
Singular Plural
1st person nitoshe tutoshe
2nd person utoshe mtoshe
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atoshe watoshe
other classes positive subject concord + -toshe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sitoshe
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetosha
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetosha
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitosha
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitosha
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atosha)
Singular Plural
1st person natosha twatosha
2nd person watosha mwatosha
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atosha watosha
m-mi(III/IV) watosha yatosha
ji-ma(V/VI) latosha yatosha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatosha vyatosha
n(IX/X) yatosha zatosha
u(XI) watosha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwatosha
pa(XVI) patosha
mu(XVIII) mwatosha
Perfect positive subject concord + -metosha
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshatosha
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatosha
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kitosha
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipotosha
Consecutive katosha / positive subject concord + -katosha
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katoshe
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nitosha -tutosha
2nd person -kutosha -watosha/-kutosheni/-watosheni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtosha -watosha
m-mi(III/IV) -utosha -itosha
ji-ma(V/VI) -litosha -yatosha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitosha -vitosha
n(IX/X) -itosha -zitosha
u(XI) -utosha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kutosha
pa(XVI) -patosha
mu(XVIII) -mutosha
Reflexive -jitosha
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tosha- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -toshaye -toshao
m-mi(III/IV) -toshao -toshayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -toshalo -toshayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -toshacho -toshavyo
n(IX/X) -toshayo -toshazo
u(XI) -toshao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -toshako
pa(XVI) -toshapo
mu(XVIII) -toshamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tosha)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yetosha -otosha
m-mi(III/IV) -otosha -yotosha
ji-ma(V/VI) -lotosha -yotosha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotosha -vyotosha
n(IX/X) -yotosha -zotosha
u(XI) -otosha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kotosha
pa(XVI) -potosha
mu(XVIII) -motosha
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia