vishana

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Swahili

Verb

-vishana (infinitive kuvishana)

  1. Reciprocal form of -visha

Conjugation

Conjugation of -vishana
Positive present -navishana
Subjunctive -vishane
Negative -vishani
Imperative singular vishana
Infinitives
Positive kuvishana
Negative kutovishana
Imperatives
Singular vishana
Plural vishaneni
Tensed forms
Habitual huvishana
Positive past positive subject concord + -livishana
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuvishana
Positive present (positive subject concord + -navishana)
Singular Plural
1st person ninavishana/navishana tunavishana
2nd person unavishana mnavishana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anavishana wanavishana
other classes positive subject concord + -navishana
Negative present (negative subject concord + -vishani)
Singular Plural
1st person sivishani hatuvishani
2nd person huvishani hamvishani
3rd person m-wa(I/II) havishani hawavishani
other classes negative subject concord + -vishani
Positive future positive subject concord + -tavishana
Negative future negative subject concord + -tavishana
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -vishane)
Singular Plural
1st person nivishane tuvishane
2nd person uvishane mvishane
3rd person m-wa(I/II) avishane wavishane
other classes positive subject concord + -vishane
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sivishane
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngevishana
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singevishana
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalivishana
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalivishana
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -avishana)
Singular Plural
1st person navishana twavishana
2nd person wavishana mwavishana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) avishana wavishana
m-mi(III/IV) wavishana yavishana
ji-ma(V/VI) lavishana yavishana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chavishana vyavishana
n(IX/X) yavishana zavishana
u(XI) wavishana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwavishana
pa(XVI) pavishana
mu(XVIII) mwavishana
Perfect positive subject concord + -mevishana
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshavishana
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -javishana
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kivishana
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipovishana
Consecutive kavishana / positive subject concord + -kavishana
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kavishane
Object concord —
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + -vishana- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -vishanaye -vishanao
m-mi(III/IV) -vishanao -vishanayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -vishanalo -vishanayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -vishanacho -vishanavyo
n(IX/X) -vishanayo -vishanazo
u(XI) -vishanao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -vishanako
pa(XVI) -vishanapo
mu(XVIII) -vishanamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -vishana)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yevishana -ovishana
m-mi(III/IV) -ovishana -yovishana
ji-ma(V/VI) -lovishana -yovishana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chovishana -vyovishana
n(IX/X) -yovishana -zovishana
u(XI) -ovishana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kovishana
pa(XVI) -povishana
mu(XVIII) -movishana
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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