嗚咽

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See also: 呜咽

Chinese

(onomat. for humming)
to swallow; to choke (in crying); narrow pass
to swallow; to choke (in crying); narrow pass; throat
 
trad. (嗚咽) 嗚 咽
simp. (呜咽) 呜 咽

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 嗚 咽 咽 咽
Reading # 1/1 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 影 (34) 影 (34) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 模 (23) 先 (85) 先 (85) 屑 (87)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open Open
Division (等) I IV IV IV
Fanqie 哀都切 烏前切 於甸切 烏結切
Baxter 'u 'en 'enH 'et
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔuo/ /ʔen/ /ʔenH/ /ʔet̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔuo/ /ʔen/ /ʔenH/ /ʔet̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔo/ /ʔɛn/ /ʔɛnH/ /ʔɛt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔɔ/ /ʔɛn/ /ʔɛnH/ /ʔɛt̚/
Li
Rong 		/ʔo/ /ʔen/ /ʔenH/ /ʔet̚/
Wang
Li 		/u/ /ien/ /ienH/ /iet̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʔuo/ /ʔien/ /ʔienH/ /ʔiet̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		wū yān yàn ye
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wu1 jin1 jin3 jit3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 咽 咽
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yān yàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔen › ‹ ʔenH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔˁi/ /*ʔˁi-s/
English gullet swallow (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 嗚 咽 咽 咽
Reading # 1/1 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 13078 15172 15173 15187
Phonetic
component 		烏 因 因 因
Rime
group 		魚 眞 眞 質
Rime
subdivision 		0 1 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		烏 煙 宴 噎
Old
Chinese 		/*qaː/ /*qiːn/ /*qiːns/ /*qiːd/
Notes 同嚥

Verb

嗚咽

  1. to sob; to whimper

Synonyms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (嗚咽):
  • → Japanese: 嗚咽(おえつ) (oetsu)
  • → Korean: 오열(嗚咽) (oyeol)

Adjective

嗚咽

  1. (literary, of a sound) low and deep

Derived terms

Japanese

Kanji in this term
嗚 咽
お
Hyōgai 		えつ
Grade: S
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
鳴咽 (misspelling)

Noun

嗚(お)咽(えつ) • (oetsu) 

  1. sobbing

Verb

嗚(お)咽(えつ)する • (oetsu suru) intransitive suru (stem 嗚(お)咽(えつ)し (oetsu shi), past 嗚(お)咽(えつ)した (oetsu shita))

  1. to sob

Conjugation

Conjugation of "嗚咽する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 嗚咽し おえつし oetsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 嗚咽し おえつし oetsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 嗚咽する おえつする oetsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 嗚咽する おえつする oetsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 嗚咽すれ おえつすれ oetsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 嗚咽せよ¹
嗚咽しろ² 		おえつせよ¹
おえつしろ² 		oetsu seyo¹
oetsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 嗚咽される おえつされる oetsu sareru
Causative 嗚咽させる
嗚咽さす 		おえつさせる
おえつさす 		oetsu saseru
oetsu sasu
Potential 嗚咽できる おえつできる oetsu dekiru
Volitional 嗚咽しよう おえつしよう oetsu shiyō
Negative 嗚咽しない おえつしない oetsu shinai
Negative continuative 嗚咽せず おえつせず oetsu sezu
Formal 嗚咽します おえつします oetsu shimasu
Perfective 嗚咽した おえつした oetsu shita
Conjunctive 嗚咽して おえつして oetsu shite
Hypothetical conditional 嗚咽すれば おえつすれば oetsu sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
嗚咽

Noun

嗚咽 • (oyeol) (hangeul 오열)

  1. hanja form? of 오열 (“sobbing, wailing”)
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