岸

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See also: 㟁, 𡶜, and 崖
岸 U+5CB8, 岸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5CB8
← 岷
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 岹 →

Translingual

Han character

岸 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 山一一十 (UMMJ), four-corner 22241, composition ⿸屵干 or ⿱山厈)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 310, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8009
  • Dae Jaweon: page 610, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 766, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5CB8

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 岸
alternative forms 㟁
屽
厈
垾

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 岸
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (干) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
訐 *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad
肝 *kaːn
竿 *kaːn
干 *kaːn
奸 *kaːn
玕 *kaːn
汗 *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns
迀 *kaːn
忓 *kaːn, *ɡaːns
鳱 *kaːn
邗 *kaːn, *ɡaːn
秆 *kaːnʔ
矸 *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns
仠 *kaːnʔ
皯 *kaːnʔ
衦 *kaːnʔ
簳 *kaːnʔ
擀 *kaːnʔ
旰 *kaːns
盰 *kaːns
幹 *kaːns
杆 *kaːns
骭 *kaːns, *ɡraːns
桿 *kaːnʔ
趕 *kaːnʔ
稈 *kaːnʔ
刊 *kʰaːn
靬 *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan
衎 *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns
犴 *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns
豻 *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn
頇 *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd
岸 *ŋɡaːns
鼾 *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns
罕 *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns
焊 *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns
蔊 *qʰaːnʔ
虷 *ɡaːn
旱 *ɡaːnʔ
皔 *ɡaːnʔ
釬 *ɡaːns
扞 *ɡaːns
閈 *ɡaːns
馯 *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn
捍 *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ
悍 *ɡaːns
銲 *ɡaːns
垾 *ɡaːns
駻 *ɡaːns
睅 *ɡʷranʔ
娨 *ɡraːns
飦 *kan
赶 *ɡan, *ɡʷad
軒 *qʰan
蓒 *qʰan
酐 *qʰaːŋʔ
澣 *ɡʷaːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋɡaːns) : semantic 屵 (“cliff”) + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn) – the edge of the land. Its proto-form was 屵.

Etymology

Possibly derived from a stem *ŋaʔ (“to oppose; to resist”) + general noun suffix *-n; related to 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns, “cliff”), 滸 (OC *hŋaːʔ, “riverbank”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • ngiâng - vernacular;
  • ngâng - literary.
Note:
  • hōaⁿ - vernacular;
  • gān - literary.
Note:
  • huan7 - vernacular;
  • ngai6 - literary.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: hua1 / ngang7
      • Sinological IPA: /hua³⁵/, /ŋaŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
  • hua1 - vernacular;
  • ngang7 - literary.
Rime
Character 岸
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 五旰切
Baxter nganH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ŋɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ŋɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ŋɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ŋanH/
Li
Rong 		/ŋɑnH/
Wang
Li 		/ŋɑnH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ŋɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		àn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ngon6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 岸
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		àn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ nganH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ˁa-s/
English bank of a river

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 岸
Reading # 1/1
No. 3604
Phonetic
component 		干
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		岸
Old
Chinese 		/*ŋɡaːns/

Definitions

岸

  1. bank; shore; coast
    海岸  ―  hǎi'àn  ―  coast
    靠岸  ―  kào'àn  ―  to approach the shore
  2. high; lofty
    偉岸／伟岸  ―  wěi'àn  ―  tall and sturdy
  3. stately; haughty
  4. border

Compounds

Descendants

  • → Vietnamese: ngạn

References

Japanese

Kanji

岸

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. beach

Readings

  • Go-on: がん (gan, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: がん (gan, Jōyō)
  • Kun: きし (kishi, 岸, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
岸
きし
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

岸(きし) • (kishi) 

  1. bank, coast, shore

Proper noun

岸(きし) • (Kishi) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
岸
がん
Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

Affix

岸(がん) • (gan) 

  1. bank; coast; shore

References

  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 岸 (MC nganH).

Recorded as Middle Korean ᅌᅡᆫ〮 (Yale: ngan) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Recorded as Middle Korean 안 (an) (Yale: an) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

岸 (eumhun 언덕 안 (eondeok an))

  1. hanja form? of 안 (“bank”)

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

岸: Hán Nôm readings: ngàn, ngan, ngạn

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