灘

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See also: 滩
灘 U+7058, 灘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7058
← 灗
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 灙 →

Translingual

Han character

灘 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+19, 22 strokes, cangjie input 水廿人土 (ETOG), four-corner 30114, composition ⿰氵難)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 663, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18784
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1072, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1794, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+7058

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 灘
Warring States
Bronze inscriptions
Characters in the same phonetic series (暵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
儺 *naːl
臡 *naːl, *neːl, *njeːl
嘆 *n̥ʰaːn, *n̥ʰaːns
灘 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns, *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns
擹 *n̥ʰaːn
攤 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːnʔ, *naːns
癱 *n̥ʰaːn
歎 *n̥ʰaːns
難 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns
暵 *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns
熯 *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns, *njanʔ
漢 *hnaːns
戁 *rnaːnʔ, *njanʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns, *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 難 (OC *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns).

Etymology 1

trad. 灘
simp. 滩
alternative forms 潬／𬈁 ancient

Pronunciation

Note:
  • thoaⁿ - vernacular;
  • than - literary.
Rime
Character 灘
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 他干切
Baxter than
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tʰɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tʰɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tʰɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tʰan/
Li
Rong 		/tʰɑn/
Wang
Li 		/tʰɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tʰɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		taan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 灘
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ than ›
Old
Chinese 		/*n̥ˁar/ (E dialect: *n̥ˁ- > MC th-)
English foreshore

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 灘
Reading # 1/4
No. 4891
Phonetic
component 		暵
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		灘
Old
Chinese 		/*n̥ʰaːn/

Definitions

灘

  1. shoal
  2. beach
  3. Classifier for liquid or paste spread over a surface: pool; puddle
Synonyms
  • (classifier for liquid or paste): (Sichuanese) 𣲩 (pá)

Compounds

Etymology 2

trad. 灘
simp. 滩

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 灘
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 呼旱切
Baxter xanX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/hɑnX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/hɑnX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xɑnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/hanX/
Li
Rong 		/xɑnX/
Wang
Li 		/xɑnX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/xɑnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		hǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hon2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 灘 灘
Reading # 3/4 4/4
No. 4902 4908
Phonetic
component 		暵 暵
Rime
group 		元 元
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		䍐 漢
Old
Chinese 		/*hnaːnʔ/ /*hnaːns/
Notes 原隹作鳥據旱韻又音校改

Definitions

灘

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 3

trad. 灘
simp. 滩

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 灘
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 泥 (8)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 奴案切
Baxter nanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/nɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/nɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/nɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/nanH/
Li
Rong 		/nɑnH/
Wang
Li 		/nɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/nɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		nàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		naan6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 灘
Reading # 2/4
No. 4901
Phonetic
component 		暵
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		攤
Old
Chinese 		/*naːns/

Definitions

灘

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Japanese

Shinjitai
(extended) 		Shinjitai
(extended)
灘󠄀
灘+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
灘󠄂
灘+&#xE0102;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
Kyūjitai 灘
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

灘

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Etymology

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
灘
なだ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *nanta.

Pronunciation

Noun

灘(なだ) • (nada) 

  1. area of a sea or an ocean with strong winds or surging waves; rough sea
    玄界(げんかい)灘(なだ)
    Genkai Nada
    Genkai Sea

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 灘 (MC than). Recorded as Middle Korean 탄 (than) (Yale: than) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

灘 (eumhun 여울 탄 (yeoul tan))

  1. Hanja form? of 탄 (“shoal”).

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

灘: Hán Nôm readings: than

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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