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-sz in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
-sz you have here. The definition of the word
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Dutch
Suffix
-sz
- Alternative form of -s (“patronymic suffix”)
Derived terms
Category Dutch terms suffixed with -sz not found
Hungarian
Pronunciation
Suffix
-sz
- (personal suffix) Forms the second-person singular present tense of verbs (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).
- tud (“can”) + -sz → tudsz (“you can”)
- Tudsz segíteni? ― Can you help?
- (obsolete frequentative verb-forming suffix) It was later reinterpreted as a present-tense marker, and eventually as a part of the stem.[1] Sometimes it is one of several suffixes, such as in -szik and in -szkodik/-aszkodik/-eszkedik (qq.v.).[1] Its frequentative sense is still perceptible in verbs suffixed with -ászik/-észik.[1]
- Individual verbs: metsz (“to cut, incise”), uszít (“to instigate”), vonszol (“to drag/lug”), edz (et + sz) (“to train/harden”) etc.
- sz-inserting v-stem verbs: tesz (“to do; to put”), lesz (“to become; will be”), vesz (“to take/get”), visz (“to take/carry”), hisz (“to believe”), eszik (“to eat”), iszik (“to drink”), alszik (“to sleep”), fekszik (“to lie/recline”), nyugszik (“to rest/repose”)
- (nominal-forming suffix) See -asz/-esz.
Usage notes
Present tense indefinite – personal suffixes
- (personal suffix) Variants:
- -sz added to verbs not in the categories listed below
- vár (“to wait”) + -sz → vársz (“you wait, you are waiting”)
- -asz added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
- hall (“to hear”) + -asz → hallasz (“you hear, you are hearing”)
- tanít (“to teach”) + -asz → tanítasz (“you teach, you are teaching”)
- -esz added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
- dönt (“to decide”) + -esz → döntesz (“you decide, you are deciding”)
- segít (“to help”) + -esz → segítesz (“you help, you are helping”)
- -ol added to back-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
- olvas (“to read”) + -ol → olvasol (“you read, you are reading”)
- -el added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
- vesz (“to buy”) + -el → veszel (“you buy, you are buying”)
- -öl added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
- főz (“to cook”) + -öl → főzöl (“you cook, you are cooking”)
References