Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/takïgu

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *tiakï +‎ *-gu. Cognate to Proto-Mongolic *takïxa (“hen”), Khitan 𘰺𘯛𘯺 (teqoa, “hen”) and Proto-Tungusic *tiaku (“hen”), but they might be interdialectal loans ultimately going back to the Proto-Turkic form.

See also Arabic دَجَاج (dajāj).

Noun

*tiakïgu

hen, fowl

Declension

Declension of *takïgu

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*takïgu
Accusative	takïgug, takïgunï¹⁾
Genitive	*takïgunuŋ
Dative	*takïguka
Locative	*takïguda
Ablative	*takïgudan
Allative	*takïgugaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*takïgun
Equative ²⁾	*takïguča
Similative ²⁾	*takïgulayu
Comitative ²⁾	*takïgulugu

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

Serbi—Mongolic:
- →? Proto-Mongolic: *takïxa
  - Mongolian: тахиа (taxia)
  - → Tuvan: дагаа (dagaa)
- →? Khitan: 𘰺𘯛𘯺 (teqoa)
→? Proto-Tungusic: *tiaku
- Manchu: ᠴᠣᡴᠣ (coko)
Oghur:
- Volga Bulgar: توح (tox) (as in توحجِ (toxçı))^[1]
  - Chuvash: чӑх (čăh)
- Danube Bulgar: тох
- → Hungarian: tyúk
Common Turkic: *taqïɣu

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: toyuq
  - Ottoman Turkish: طاوق (tavuk)
    - Turkish: tavuk
    - Gagauz: tauk
- Salar: tox
- Turkmen: towuk
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: تَقاغُو (taqāɣū)
  - Khorezmian: طاوق (tavuq)
    - Chagatai: تاغوق (taɣuq), تاوق (tawuq)
      - Uzbek: tovuq
      - Uyghur: توخۇ (toxu)
Kipchak:
- Armeno-Kipchak: դավուխ (tavuχ), դավուղ (tavuɣ)
- Kipchak: tauc (tawuq)
- Mamluk-Kipchak: طاووق (ṭawuq)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: tavuq
  - Karachay-Balkar: тауукъ (tauuq)
  - Kumyk: тавукъ (tawuq)
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: тауыҡ (tawıq)
  - Tatar: тавык (tawıq)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Kazakh: тауық (tauyq)
    - Nogai тавык (tavık)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: тоок (took)
    - Southern Altai: така (taka), таак (taak)
Siberian Turkic:
- Old Uyghur: 𐾀𐽰𐽲𐾄𐽶𐽲𐽳 (takïgu)
  - Western Yugur: tahɢa, tahɢaɣə
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut:
  - Dolgan:
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tofa:
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: таңах (tañax)

Animals in Turkic
Dog	dog: *ï̄t	Hunting Dog	hunting dog: *eker	Hen	hen: *tiakïgu
Lark	lark: *torgay	Pigeon	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	Quail	quail: *bïldurčïn
Sparrow	sparrow: *serče	Hawk	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	Goose	goose: *kāŕ
Wolf	wolf: *bȫrü	Cow	cow: *ingek	Calf	calf: *buŕagu
Camel	camel: *tebe	Young Camel	young of camel: kȫĺek, botu	Horse	horse: *at
Foal	foal: *kulun	Worm	worm: *kūrt	Snake	snake: *yï̄lan
Fox	fox: *tilkü	goat	goat: *keči	He-goat	he-goat: *teke
Lion	lion: *arsïlan	Fish	fish: *bālïk	Abramis brama	carp bream: *čapak
Donkey	donkey: *eĺčgek	Carp	carp: *siāŕgan	Catfish	catfish: *yāyïn
Beaver	beaver: *kunduŕ	Hedgehog	hedgehog: *kirpi	Badger	badger: *borsmuk
Fly	fly, mosquito: *siŋek	Bee	wasp, bee: *ārï	Gadlfy	gadfly: *bȫgen
Moth	moth: *küńe	Louse	louse: *bït	Earthworm	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
Yak	yak: *kotuz	Colt	colt: *sïp	Dragon	dragon: *siāŕgan
Worm	worm: *kūrt	Deer	deer: keyik, sïgun, bulan, bugu	Lizard	lizard: *keleŕ