fahamu

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Swahili

Etymology

From Arabic فَهْم (fahm).[1]

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Noun

fahamu class IX (plural fahamu class X)

  1. knowledge, understanding, comprehension
  2. consciousness

Verb

-fahamu (infinitive kufahamu)

  1. to know, understand
    Synonym: -jua

Conjugation

Conjugation of -fahamu
Positive present -nafahamu
Subjunctive -fahamu
Negative -fahamu
Imperative singular fahamu
Infinitives
Positive kufahamu
Negative kutofahamu
Imperatives
Singular fahamu
Plural fahamuni
Tensed forms
Habitual hufahamu
Positive past positive subject concord + -lifahamu
Negative past negative subject concord + -kufahamu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nafahamu)
Singular Plural
1st person ninafahamu/nafahamu tunafahamu
2nd person unafahamu mnafahamu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anafahamu wanafahamu
other classes positive subject concord + -nafahamu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -fahamu)
Singular Plural
1st person sifahamu hatufahamu
2nd person hufahamu hamfahamu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hafahamu hawafahamu
other classes negative subject concord + -fahamu
Positive future positive subject concord + -tafahamu
Negative future negative subject concord + -tafahamu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -fahamu)
Singular Plural
1st person nifahamu tufahamu
2nd person ufahamu mfahamu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) afahamu wafahamu
other classes positive subject concord + -fahamu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sifahamu
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngefahamu
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singefahamu
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalifahamu
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalifahamu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -afahamu)
Singular Plural
1st person nafahamu twafahamu
2nd person wafahamu mwafahamu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) afahamu wafahamu
m-mi(III/IV) wafahamu yafahamu
ji-ma(V/VI) lafahamu yafahamu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chafahamu vyafahamu
n(IX/X) yafahamu zafahamu
u(XI) wafahamu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwafahamu
pa(XVI) pafahamu
mu(XVIII) mwafahamu
Perfect positive subject concord + -mefahamu
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshafahamu
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jafahamu
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kifahamu
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipofahamu
Consecutive kafahamu / positive subject concord + -kafahamu
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kafahamu
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nifahamu -tufahamu
2nd person -kufahamu -wafahamu/-kufahamuni/-wafahamuni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mfahamu -wafahamu
m-mi(III/IV) -ufahamu -ifahamu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lifahamu -yafahamu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kifahamu -vifahamu
n(IX/X) -ifahamu -zifahamu
u(XI) -ufahamu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kufahamu
pa(XVI) -pafahamu
mu(XVIII) -mufahamu
Reflexive -jifahamu
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -fahamu- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -fahamuye -fahamuo
m-mi(III/IV) -fahamuo -fahamuyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -fahamulo -fahamuyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -fahamucho -fahamuvyo
n(IX/X) -fahamuyo -fahamuzo
u(XI) -fahamuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -fahamuko
pa(XVI) -fahamupo
mu(XVIII) -fahamumo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -fahamu)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yefahamu -ofahamu
m-mi(III/IV) -ofahamu -yofahamu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lofahamu -yofahamu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chofahamu -vyofahamu
n(IX/X) -yofahamu -zofahamu
u(XI) -ofahamu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kofahamu
pa(XVI) -pofahamu
mu(XVIII) -mofahamu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Baldi, Sergio (2020 November 30) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 239 Nr. 2206
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