kusudi

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Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic قَصَدَ (qaṣada, “to intend”).[1][2]

Verb

-kusudi (infinitive kukusudi)

  1. to intend
Conjugation
Conjugation of -kusudi
Positive present -nakusudi
Subjunctive -kusudi
Negative -kusudi
Imperative singular kusudi
Infinitives
Positive kukusudi
Negative kutokusudi
Imperatives
Singular kusudi
Plural kusudini
Tensed forms
Habitual hukusudi
Positive past positive subject concord + -likusudi
Negative past negative subject concord + -kukusudi
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakusudi)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakusudi/nakusudi tunakusudi
2nd person unakusudi mnakusudi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakusudi wanakusudi
other classes positive subject concord + -nakusudi
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kusudi)
Singular Plural
1st person sikusudi hatukusudi
2nd person hukusudi hamkusudi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakusudi hawakusudi
other classes negative subject concord + -kusudi
Positive future positive subject concord + -takusudi
Negative future negative subject concord + -takusudi
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kusudi)
Singular Plural
1st person nikusudi tukusudi
2nd person ukusudi mkusudi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akusudi wakusudi
other classes positive subject concord + -kusudi
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikusudi
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekusudi
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekusudi
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikusudi
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikusudi
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akusudi)
Singular Plural
1st person nakusudi twakusudi
2nd person wakusudi mwakusudi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akusudi wakusudi
m-mi(III/IV) wakusudi yakusudi
ji-ma(V/VI) lakusudi yakusudi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakusudi vyakusudi
n(IX/X) yakusudi zakusudi
u(XI) wakusudi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwakusudi
pa(XVI) pakusudi
mu(XVIII) mwakusudi
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekusudi
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakusudi
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakusudi
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kikusudi
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokusudi
Consecutive kakusudi / positive subject concord + -kakusudi
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakusudi
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nikusudi -tukusudi
2nd person -kukusudi -wakusudi/-kukusudini/-wakusudini
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkusudi -wakusudi
m-mi(III/IV) -ukusudi -ikusudi
ji-ma(V/VI) -likusudi -yakusudi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikusudi -vikusudi
n(IX/X) -ikusudi -zikusudi
u(XI) -ukusudi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kukusudi
pa(XVI) -pakusudi
mu(XVIII) -mukusudi
Reflexive -jikusudi
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kusudi- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -kusudiye -kusudio
m-mi(III/IV) -kusudio -kusudiyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -kusudilo -kusudiyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kusudicho -kusudivyo
n(IX/X) -kusudiyo -kusudizo
u(XI) -kusudio see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kusudiko
pa(XVI) -kusudipo
mu(XVIII) -kusudimo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kusudi)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekusudi -okusudi
m-mi(III/IV) -okusudi -yokusudi
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokusudi -yokusudi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokusudi -vyokusudi
n(IX/X) -yokusudi -zokusudi
u(XI) -okusudi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokusudi
pa(XVI) -pokusudi
mu(XVIII) -mokusudi
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic قَصْد (qaṣd).

Noun

kusudi class V (plural makusudi class VI)

  1. purpose, intention
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Baldi, Sergio (2020 November 30) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 248 Nr. 2295
  2. ^ Baldi, Sergio (2009) “Swahili”, in Versteegh, Kees, editor, Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, volume 4, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 385 of 381-387
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