ver-

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch ver-, a merger of two Middle Dutch prefixes:

• Middle Dutch er-, an unstressed variant of or- (modern oor- from Dutch oor-, not from Dutch over), from Old Dutch ur-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-.
• Middle Dutch ver-, from Old Dutch fir-, itself from a merger of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *furi-, *fra- and other similar particles.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fər/

Prefix

ver-

1. to do or to become what the stem (following this prefix) refers to
2. used to indicate that the action (referred to by the stem) has a negative connotation (for the direct object of the stem)
3. to move or change in the manner specified by the stem

Usage notes

Not separable. When forming past participles, those generally aren't prepended with the prefix ge-.

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vər/, /vɛr/

Etymology 1

The result of a merger of two Middle Dutch prefixes:

• Middle Dutch er-, an unstressed variant of ur-, or- (modern oor-), from Old Dutch ur-, ir-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-.
• Middle Dutch ver-, from Old Dutch fir-, far-, itself from a mixture of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *furi-, *fra- and other similar particles.

The first origin is cognate with Old High German ur-, ir- (German ur-, er-), Old English ā-, Gothic 𐌿𐌶- (uz-).

The second origin is cognate with Old English for- (English for-), Old High German fir-, far- (German ver-), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂- (fair-), 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-), 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-).

Prefix

ver-

1. to do or to become what the stem (following this prefix) refers to

   ‎ver- + ‎minder (“less, fewer”) → ‎verminderen (“to reduce”)

2. used to indicate that the action (referred to by the stem) has a negative connotation (for the direct object of the stem)

   ‎ver- + ‎werpen (“to throw”) → ‎verwerpen (“to reject”)

   ‎ver- + ‎oordelen (“judge”) → ‎veroordelen (“to condemn”)

3. to move or change in the manner specified by the stem

   ‎ver- + ‎deel (“a part”) → ‎verdelen (“to split into parts”)

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: ver-
• Javindo: fer-

Etymology 2

A contraction of older van der (“of the”), which is also common in surnames.

Prefix

ver-

2. A prefix found as part of surnames, found mainly in the southern Netherlands and in Belgium.

Derived terms

References

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse verr, from Proto-Germanic *weraz, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognate with English were-.

Prefix

ver-

1. -in-law.

Usage notes

• Originally and officially, this prefix only refers to the husband's in-laws; however, colloquially, it is also used for the wife's in-laws.

Derived terms

German

Etymology

From Middle High German ver-, from Old High German far-, from a mixture of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *fra-, *furi- and other similar particles. Cognate with English for-, Dutch ver-, Yiddish פֿאַר־ (far-), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂- (fair-), 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-), 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-), Latin per-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɛr/, (prescriptive standard)
• IPA^(key): /fər/, (alternative standard; much more common, except when provided with emphatic stress)

• Audio

  (file)

Prefix

ver-

1. Inseparable verbal prefix for- (clarification of this definition is needed)

   vergeben (“to forgive”)

2. Inseparable verbal prefix that denotes a transition of the object into a state, which is indicated by the stem.

   ‎ver- + ‎lieben (“to love”) → ‎sich verlieben (“to fall in love”)

   ‎ver- + ‎urteilen (“to pronounce judgement”) → ‎verurteilen (“to convict”)

3. Inseparable verbal prefix indicating a faulty action.

   ‎ver- + ‎laufen (“to walk”) → ‎sich verlaufen (“to get lost”)

   ‎ver- + ‎zählen (“to count”) → ‎sich verzählen (“to miscount”)

   ‎ver- + ‎gießen (“to pour”) → ‎vergießen (“to spill”)

Derived terms

See also

• zer-

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɐ/

Prefix

ver-

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch far-, for-, fer-, from a merger of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *fur-, *fra-.

Prefix

ver-

1. Forms verbs indicating change away from a state.
2. Forms verbs indicating a more thorough action.

Derived terms

Descendants

• Dutch: ver-