vishwa

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Swahili

Verb

-vishwa (infinitive kuvishwa)

  1. Passive form of -visha

Conjugation

Conjugation of -vishwa
Positive present -navishwa
Subjunctive -vishwe
Negative -vishwi
Imperative singular vishwa
Infinitives
Positive kuvishwa
Negative kutovishwa
Imperatives
Singular vishwa
Plural vishweni
Tensed forms
Habitual huvishwa
Positive past positive subject concord + -livishwa
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuvishwa
Positive present (positive subject concord + -navishwa)
Singular Plural
1st person ninavishwa/navishwa tunavishwa
2nd person unavishwa mnavishwa
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anavishwa wanavishwa
other classes positive subject concord + -navishwa
Negative present (negative subject concord + -vishwi)
Singular Plural
1st person sivishwi hatuvishwi
2nd person huvishwi hamvishwi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) havishwi hawavishwi
other classes negative subject concord + -vishwi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tavishwa
Negative future negative subject concord + -tavishwa
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -vishwe)
Singular Plural
1st person nivishwe tuvishwe
2nd person uvishwe mvishwe
3rd person m-wa(I/II) avishwe wavishwe
other classes positive subject concord + -vishwe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sivishwe
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngevishwa
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singevishwa
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalivishwa
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalivishwa
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -avishwa)
Singular Plural
1st person navishwa twavishwa
2nd person wavishwa mwavishwa
3rd person m-wa(I/II) avishwa wavishwa
m-mi(III/IV) wavishwa yavishwa
ji-ma(V/VI) lavishwa yavishwa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chavishwa vyavishwa
n(IX/X) yavishwa zavishwa
u(XI) wavishwa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwavishwa
pa(XVI) pavishwa
mu(XVIII) mwavishwa
Perfect positive subject concord + -mevishwa
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshavishwa
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -javishwa
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kivishwa
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipovishwa
Consecutive kavishwa / positive subject concord + -kavishwa
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kavishwe
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nivishwa -tuvishwa
2nd person -kuvishwa -wavishwa/-kuvishweni/-wavishweni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mvishwa -wavishwa
m-mi(III/IV) -uvishwa -ivishwa
ji-ma(V/VI) -livishwa -yavishwa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kivishwa -vivishwa
n(IX/X) -ivishwa -zivishwa
u(XI) -uvishwa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuvishwa
pa(XVI) -pavishwa
mu(XVIII) -muvishwa
Reflexive -jivishwa
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -vishwa- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -vishwaye -vishwao
m-mi(III/IV) -vishwao -vishwayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -vishwalo -vishwayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -vishwacho -vishwavyo
n(IX/X) -vishwayo -vishwazo
u(XI) -vishwao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -vishwako
pa(XVI) -vishwapo
mu(XVIII) -vishwamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -vishwa)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yevishwa -ovishwa
m-mi(III/IV) -ovishwa -yovishwa
ji-ma(V/VI) -lovishwa -yovishwa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chovishwa -vyovishwa
n(IX/X) -yovishwa -zovishwa
u(XI) -ovishwa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kovishwa
pa(XVI) -povishwa
mu(XVIII) -movishwa
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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