võtma

From Proto-Finnic *vottadak, possibly from Proto-Uralic *watta-. If so, the word might be related to Komi-Zyrian вотны (votny, “to pick, to gather”), вӧтны (vötny, “to catch; to chase, to follow”) (dialectal), Northern Mansi ва̄туӈкве (vātuňkve, “to gather”), Northern Sami vuohttit (“to track, to follow”) and Tundra Nenets (weďeʔ-, “to visit; to chase, to track”). Unrelated to Proto-Uralic *wexe- (“to take”).

Another theory suggests an Indo-European borrowing: Proto-Indo-European *wondʰ-éye- (through older Proto-Finnic *vont-ta-), or its Germanic descendant *wandijaną. The semantic development would be "to turn > turn towards oneself > take possession of" (compare German wenden (“to turn”) > German entwenden (“to steal”), and possible parallels in older Germanic languages as well, such as Old Norse venda). The older meaning survives in the derived word võti (“key”, literally “a tool which is turned”) (from Proto-Finnic *vot'in).^[1]

Cognates include Livonian võttõ, Votic võttaa, Finnish and Ingrian ottaa, Livvi ottua, Ludian ottada and Veps otta.

• IPA^(key): /ˈvɤtmɑ/,

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɤtmɑ
• Hyphenation: võt‧ma

võtma (da-infinitive võtta)

1. (transitive, usually atelic) to take (to get into one's hands, possession or control, with or without force)

   võta kott ja lähme!

   grab your bag and let's go!

   vares võttis leivatüki noka vahele

   the crow took a piece of bread between its beak

   1. to take, ingest or consume (to receive (medicine) into one's body, e.g. by inhalation or swallowing)

      võtsin aspiriini

      I took an aspirin

   2. to have, eat or drink (to receive food or drink into one's body)

      mees armastab viina võtta.

      the man loves to have vodka

   3. (imperative) to take, catch or fetch (especially of a dog or a trained animal)

      Äss, võta!

      Ace, take it!

2. (transitive, usually atelic) to take, receive or obtain (to transfer to one's own use, ownership or possession)

   kui hakkasime maja ehitama, võtsime laenu.

   when we started building the house, we took a loan.

   1. to get

      mul on plaan võtta koer

      I plan to get a dog

   2. to make doable, feasible, processable

      kell võeti parandada

      the watch was repaired

   3. (vulgar) to have sex with a woman

      tüdruk ütles, et poiss võttis teda vägisi

      the girl said that the boy took her by force

   4. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

      töö lõpetamisega on kiire, tuleb uneajast lisa võtta

      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   5. to take, seize or enable (of power, a duty, a right, etc.)

      võtan endale õiguse valida, kellele kassipoja müün

      I reserve the right to choose who I sell the kitten to

      ta võttis süü enda peale

      he took the blame

3. (impersonal, transitive, usually atelic) to need, use or demand

   väga praktiline auto, võtab vähe kütust.

   a very practical car, consumes little fuel

   vana õmblusmasin seisab kasutult ja võtab ruumi

   the old sewing machine sits useless and takes up space

   võttis aega, enne kui masin taas töökorda saadi

   it took some time to get the machine working again

4. (impersonal) to have an opinion about someone or something; to interpret something in a certain way

   ärge võtke ta juttu tõsiselt!

   don't take him seriously!

   loogiliselt võttes on asjade selline käik üsna kummaline

   logically speaking, this turn of events is rather strange

   ma ei võta tõe pähe kõike, mida internetist loen

   I don't take everything I read on the internet to heart

   1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

      võtame või Anne: vaata, milline välimus, aga millise poisi kinni püüdis!

      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

5. (impersonal) to induce a state, situation or action to move or go to another position, state or situation

   uskumatu vaatepilt võttis sõnatuks

   the incredible sight left me speechless

   trepist ülesminek võtab hingeldama

   going up the stairs takes your breath away

   nii armas, et võtab silma märjaks

   so cute it makes your eyes water

   1. (governs mida) to spoil, damage or destroy

      öökülm võttis viinapuude lehed

      the night frost took the leaves of the vines

      tuli võttis kolm inimelu

      the fire claimed three lives

6. to act or have an effect

   kutsu keegi appi, kui omal mõistus ei võta

   call someone for help if you lose your mind

   keskpäeval võtab päike hästi

   at noon, the sun is good

7. (in certain expressions) to endure, to be able to (used in comparisons expressing intense activity)

   karjub nagu kõri võtab

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   jookseb mis jalad võtavad

   runs as fast as the legs will take him

8. to take (about movement, an activity, or performance)

   võtsin trepil mitu astet korraga

   I took several steps at a time

   1. (governs mida) to take (regarding a recording, storage or measurement)

      passitaotlejalt võeti sõrmejäljed

      fingerprints were taken from the passport applicant

   2. (governs mida) to take or harvest

      kartulit võtma

      to harvest potatoes

   3. (informal, colloquial) Emphazises the action expressed by another verb

      võtan ja lähen homme Pärnusse

      I will definitely go to Pärnu tomorrow.

      kui on ikka ravikuur ette nähtud, siis võtan ja teen kõik ära.

      if a course of treatment is still prescribed, I will surely do everything.

9. to resent or quarrel

   sai hilinemise pärast kõvasti võtta

   got a hard time for being late

   Synonym: köhima

This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

• võti (“key”)

• võtma in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
• “võtma”, in Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

From Proto-Finnic *vottadak.

võtma (da-infinitive võttaq, first-person singular present võta)

1. to take

This verb needs an inflection-table template.