唾

唾 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 口竹十一 (RHJM), four-corner 6201₄, composition ⿰口垂)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 194, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3785
• Dae Jaweon: page 414, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 641, character 14
• Unihan data for U+553E

Historical forms of the character 唾
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰoːls): semantic 口 + phonetic 垂 (OC *djol).

Sino-Tibetan; compare Tibetan ཐོ་ལེ (tho le, “spit”), Burmese ထွေး (htwe:, “spittle”) (Coblin, 1986; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2014).

唾

1. saliva

   唾腺  ―  tuòxiàn  ―  salivary gland

2. to spit
3. to spit at; to spit with contempt
4. to vomit

• 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 , editor (2021), “唾”, in 莆仙方言大词典 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 550.

(Jōyō kanji)

• Go-on: た (ta)
• Kan-on: た (ta)
• Kan’yō-on: だ (da, Jōyō)
• Kun: つばき (tsubaki, 唾)、つば (tsuba, 唾, Jōyō)、つ (tsu, 唾)

Derived as the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of now-obsolete verb 唾吐く (tsubaku, “to spit, to expectorate”), itself from 唾 (tsu, “saliva”) + 吐く (haku, “to expel from the mouth: to spit, to vomit, to exhale”).

• (Tokyo) つばき (Odaka – )
• IPA^(key):

唾(つばき) • (tsubaki) 

1. spit, saliva

Appears to be a shortening of tsubaki above. Alternatively, may be a fusion of tsu below with particle は (wa, originally pa in Old Japanese, combining in some cases as ba).

• (Tokyo) つば (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

唾(つば) • (tsuba) 

1. spit, saliva

Appears to be the oldest form. Possibly onomatopoeia.

• (Tokyo) つ (Heiban – )
• IPA^(key):

唾(つ) • (tsu) 

1. (archaic, possibly obsolete) spit, saliva

唾 (eumhun 침 타 (chim ta))

1. hanja form^? of 타 (“saliva”)

• 타액 (唾液, taaek, “saliva”)

唾: Hán Nôm readings: thóa/thoá

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