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琉璃. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
琉璃, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
琉璃 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
琉璃 you have here. The definition of the word
琉璃 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
琉璃, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Chinese
Etymology
From an unidentified language in the Western Regions, perhaps a Middle Indo-Aryan language, e.g. Gandhari 𐨬𐨅𐨜𐨂𐨪𐨁𐨩 (veḍuriya),[1] a form attested in as a component in a proper noun. Compare Pali veḷuriya (“precious stone, maybe lapis lazuli”), Sanskrit वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya, “cat's-eye, beryl”),[2] whence Chinese 吠瑠璃 (fèiliúlí). The Middle Chinese reflex may have been subjected to hyperthesis with the ḍ- and r- syllables exchanged, with further ḍ > l (Ji, 1998v4).
Pronunciation
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
琉
|
璃
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
2/2
|
| No.
|
8337
|
7781
|
Phonetic
component
|
流
|
离
|
Rime
group
|
幽
|
歌
|
Rime
subdivision
|
1
|
2
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
劉
|
離
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*ru/
|
/*rel/
|
| Notes
|
同瑠
|
琉璃譯vaiḍūrya漢書西域傳譯作璧流離
|
Noun
琉璃
- (literary, originally) a kind of blue and translucent natural precious stone, probably lapis lazuli
- coloured glaze similar to this kind of stone
- (literary) Synonym of 玻璃 (“glass”)
- (literary) lamp made from glass
- (literary, figuratively) any translucent object
- (Beijing Mandarin) dragonfly
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
蜻蜓 (“dragonfly”)
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
蜻, 蜻蜓, 蜻蛉, 虰蛵
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
蜻蜓
|
| Taxonomic name
|
蜻蜓
|
| Northeastern Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
螞螂, 老琉璃, 琉璃, 蜻蜓
|
| Taiwan
|
蜻蜓
|
| Langfang
|
螞螂
|
| Hulunbuir (Hailar)
|
螞螂兒
|
| Harbin
|
蜻蜓, 螞螂
|
| Shenyang
|
螞螂
|
| Singapore
|
蜻蜓
|
| Jilu Mandarin
|
Tianjin
|
老褐, 老蜓
|
| Tangshan
|
螞螂
|
| Cangzhou
|
螞螂
|
| Baoding
|
螞螂
|
| Shijiazhuang
|
螞螂兒
|
| Jinan
|
蜻蜓
|
| Jiaoliao Mandarin
|
Yantai (Muping)
|
蜻蜓兒, 老老擔兒
|
| Qingdao
|
蜻蜓
|
| Central Plains Mandarin
|
Luoyang
|
虰虰
|
| Daming
|
抨抨砣
|
| Wanrong
|
棒槌
|
| Zhengzhou
|
虰虰, 麥虰虰
|
| Xi'an
|
螞螂
|
| Xining
|
蜻蜓
|
| Xuzhou
|
光光蜓
|
| Lanyin Mandarin
|
Yinchuan
|
老虎招招
|
| Lanzhou
|
春官
|
| Ürümqi
|
蜻蜓
|
| Southwestern Mandarin
|
Chengdu
|
虰虰貓兒, 蜻蜓
|
| Wuhan
|
虰虰
|
| Guiyang
|
蜻蜓
|
| Kunming
|
蜻蜓
|
| Guilin
|
蜻蜓
|
| Guanyang
|
咩咩蛘
|
| Pingle
|
咩咩蛘
|
| Liuzhou
|
塘咩, 蜻蜓
|
| Luzhai
|
蜻蜓
|
| Tianlin (Langping)
|
沙蛘
|
| Jianghuai Mandarin
|
Nanjing
|
蜻蜻, 蜻蜓
|
| Yangzhou
|
蜻蜻子
|
| Nantong
|
䗌虰
|
| Hefei
|
蜻蜻, 蜻蜻子
|
| Huanggang
|
蜻雀兒
|
| Mandarin
|
Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle)
|
螞螂
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
塘尾
|
| Hong Kong
|
蜻蜓, 塘尾
|
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
|
囊蜊
|
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
囊蜺
|
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
囊蜊
|
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
囊蜊
|
| Macau
|
塘尾
|
| Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
塘尾
|
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
揚尾
|
| Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
囊泥
|
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
囊蜊
|
| Foshan
|
塘尾
|
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
塘尾
|
| Foshan (Shunde)
|
塘蜊
|
| Foshan (Sanshui)
|
塘尾
|
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
塘尾
|
| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
塘尾
|
| Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
|
蟲尾
|
| Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
|
塘尾
|
| Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
囊蜺
|
| Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
郎里
|
| Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
囊蜺
|
| Taishan
|
黃尾
|
| Kaiping (Chikan)
|
黃蜺
|
| Enping (Niujiang)
|
禾狸
|
| Heshan (Yayao)
|
娘迷
|
| Dongguan
|
䗧蛜
|
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
塘泥
|
| Shenzhen (Dapeng)
|
蜋蜺
|
| Qingyuan
|
黃尾池
|
| Fogang
|
囊泥
|
| Yingde (Hanguang)
|
楊眉池
|
| Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)
|
蜻蜓
|
| Shaoguan
|
塘蜊
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
蜋尾
|
| Renhua
|
羅尾仔
|
| Lechang
|
塘尾, 後尾
|
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)
|
塘尾
|
| Sihui
|
落尼
|
| Guangning
|
塘尼
|
| Deqing
|
塘尼
|
| Huaiji
|
蜋蜊
|
| Yunfu
|
塘尾
|
| Xinxing
|
塘尾
|
| Luoding
|
塘尼
|
| Yangjiang
|
朋蜺
|
| Xinyi
|
癩痢
|
| Maoming (Xinpo)
|
囊呢
|
| Nanning
|
塘咩
|
| Wuzhou
|
塘蜺
|
| Yulin
|
塘蜺
|
| Hepu (Lianzhou)
|
蜻蜓
|
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
塘尾
|
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
|
塘尾
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
虰虰, 蜻蜓
|
| Lichuan
|
港雞
|
| Pingxiang
|
揚尾
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
囊蜺仔, 囊蜺, 囊尾
|
| Xingning
|
黃咪哩
|
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
囊蜺
|
| Huiyang
|
黃蜺仔, 黃蜺
|
| Huidong (Daling)
|
黃蜺仔
|
| Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
黃蜺
|
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
黃蜺
|
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
黃你
|
| Wuhua (Huacheng)
|
黃尾哩, 娘尾哩
|
| Wuhua (Meilin)
|
囊蜺哩
|
| Heyuan (Bendihua)
|
囊蜺
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
龍蟻子
|
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
|
囊蜺
|
| Liannan
|
囊蜺
|
| Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
|
黃蜺
|
| Jiexi
|
囊蜺
|
| Changting
|
挪尾
|
| Wuping
|
羊必子
|
| Wuping (Pingyu)
|
揚尾子
|
| Liancheng
|
蒙里
|
| Ninghua
|
管胚
|
| Yudu
|
塘尾
|
| Ruijin
|
囊蟻子
|
| Shicheng
|
康雞
|
| Shangyou (Shexi)
|
塘子
|
| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
揚尾仔
|
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
揚尾仔
|
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
囊蜺仔, 揚尾仔
|
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
揚尾
|
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
囊蜺仔
|
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
蛘蜺
|
| Hong Kong
|
黃蜺
|
| Luchuan
|
螗蜊
|
| Sabah (Longchuan)
|
囊蜺
|
| Senai (Huiyang)
|
囊蜺
|
| Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
蜓蜓
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
兒蜻
|
| Pingyao
|
水師婆
|
| Xinzhou
|
河蟢蟢
|
| Hohhot
|
蜻蜓
|
| Zhangjiakou
|
水池牌兒
|
| Handan
|
水蜓蜓
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
刊魁
|
| Songxi
|
紅魁仔
|
| Zhenghe
|
狐狸仔
|
| Jianyang
|
刊魁仔, 刊魁
|
| Wuyishan
|
刊魁
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
螞蝴
|
| Fuzhou (Changle)
|
蜻胲
|
| Fuqing
|
茶茶娘
|
| Yongtai
|
蜻胲
|
| Gutian
|
蜻𧉪
|
| Fu'an
|
蜻𧉪
|
| Ningde
|
蜻𧉪娘
|
| Shouning
|
蜻𧉪
|
| Zhouning
|
蜻𧉪
|
| Fuding
|
蜻𧉪
|
| Matsu
|
螞蝴
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
田嬰
|
| Xiamen (Heshan)
|
𧌄嬰
|
| Quanzhou
|
田嬰
|
| Jinjiang
|
田嬰, 山蜊
|
| Anxi
|
含嬰
|
| Yongchun
|
田嬰
|
| Dehua
|
田嬰
|
| Zhangzhou
|
田嬰
|
| Zhangzhou (Longhai)
|
田嬰
|
| Zhangzhou (Changtai)
|
蜻咩
|
| Pinghe
|
田嬰
|
| Zhangpu
|
田嬰
|
| Zhao'an
|
山咩
|
| Dongshan
|
田嬰, 山咩 rural
|
| Taipei
|
𧌄嬰
|
| New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
田嬰
|
| Kaohsiung
|
田嬰
|
| Yilan
|
田嬰
|
| Changhua (Lukang)
|
田嬰
|
| Taichung
|
田嬰
|
| Taichung (Wuqi)
|
田嬰
|
| Tainan
|
田嬰
|
| Taitung
|
田嬰
|
| Hsinchu
|
田嬰
|
| Kinmen
|
田嬰
|
| Penghu (Magong)
|
田嬰
|
| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
田嬰
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
田嬰, 山蜊
|
| Longyan
|
羅離
|
| Zhangping
|
臭尼
|
| Zhangping (Yongfu)
|
新嬰
|
| Datian
|
翼嬰
|
| Chaozhou
|
𬠋𧌊
|
| Raoping
|
𬠋𧌊
|
| Shantou
|
𬠋𧌊
|
| Shantou (Chenghai)
|
𬠋𧌊
|
| Jieyang
|
𬠋𧌊
|
| Haifeng
|
𬠋𧌊
|
| Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
𬠋𧌊
|
| Singapore (Teochew)
|
𬠋𧌊
|
| Leizhou
|
蛅蛉
|
| Wenchang
|
雙枒, 雙夏, 雙翼
|
| Haikou
|
蜻蜓
|
| Qionghai
|
雙枒, 雙翼
|
| Puxian Min
|
Putian
|
淺咪叉, 淺咪叉蝦
|
| Xianyou
|
八赤蝦
|
| Zhongshan Min
|
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
|
木魚
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
蜻蜓
|
| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
新人
|
| Suzhou
|
蜻蜓
|
| Wuxi
|
蜻蜓
|
| Danyang
|
蜻蜓, 蜻蜓蜓, 蜓
|
| Hangzhou
|
蜻蜓
|
| Ningbo
|
蜻蜓
|
| Wenzhou
|
蜻蜓
|
| Jinhua
|
蜻蜓
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
洋咪咪
|
| Xiangtan
|
洋眯眯
|
| Loudi
|
洋咪咪
|
| Shuangfeng
|
洋洋蠛, 洋媽蠛
|
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- ^ Baums, Stefan, Glass, Andrew (2002–) “Veḍuriyaprabha”, in A Dictionary of Gandhari
- ^ 1917, Field Museum of Natural History: 1909, “The Beginnings of Porcelain in China”, Berthold Laufer and Henry Windsor Nichols, The Museum, page 138:
- The glassy paste for the production of ceramic glazes was called liu-li 琉璃 (in the Han Annals 流離) or p'i-liu-li, derived from Prākrit veluriya, Mahārāshṭrī verulia (Sanskrit vaiḍūrya).
Japanese
Etymology
The spelling is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 琉璃 (liúlí).
| For pronunciation and definitions of 琉璃 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 琉璃, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
|
Korean
Noun
琉璃 • (yuri) (hangeul 유리)
- hanja form? of 유리 (“glass”)
