hasimu

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Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خَصْم (ḵaṣm).

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Noun

hasimu class V (plural mahasimu class VI)

  1. enemy, rival

Verb

-hasimu (infinitive kuhasimu)

  1. to contend

Conjugation

Conjugation of -hasimu
Positive present -nahasimu
Subjunctive -hasimu
Negative -hasimu
Imperative singular hasimu
Infinitives
Positive kuhasimu
Negative kutohasimu
Imperatives
Singular hasimu
Plural hasimuni
Tensed forms
Habitual huhasimu
Positive past positive subject concord + -lihasimu
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuhasimu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahasimu)
Singular Plural
1st person ninahasimu/nahasimu tunahasimu
2nd person unahasimu mnahasimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anahasimu wanahasimu
other classes positive subject concord + -nahasimu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -hasimu)
Singular Plural
1st person sihasimu hatuhasimu
2nd person huhasimu hamhasimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hahasimu hawahasimu
other classes negative subject concord + -hasimu
Positive future positive subject concord + -tahasimu
Negative future negative subject concord + -tahasimu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hasimu)
Singular Plural
1st person nihasimu tuhasimu
2nd person uhasimu mhasimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahasimu wahasimu
other classes positive subject concord + -hasimu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sihasimu
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngehasimu
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singehasimu
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalihasimu
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalihasimu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahasimu)
Singular Plural
1st person nahasimu twahasimu
2nd person wahasimu mwahasimu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahasimu wahasimu
m-mi(III/IV) wahasimu yahasimu
ji-ma(V/VI) lahasimu yahasimu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chahasimu vyahasimu
n(IX/X) yahasimu zahasimu
u(XI) wahasimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwahasimu
pa(XVI) pahasimu
mu(XVIII) mwahasimu
Perfect positive subject concord + -mehasimu
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshahasimu
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jahasimu
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kihasimu
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipohasimu
Consecutive kahasimu / positive subject concord + -kahasimu
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kahasimu
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nihasimu -tuhasimu
2nd person -kuhasimu -wahasimu/-kuhasimuni/-wahasimuni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mhasimu -wahasimu
m-mi(III/IV) -uhasimu -ihasimu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lihasimu -yahasimu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kihasimu -vihasimu
n(IX/X) -ihasimu -zihasimu
u(XI) -uhasimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuhasimu
pa(XVI) -pahasimu
mu(XVIII) -muhasimu
Reflexive -jihasimu
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hasimu- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -hasimuye -hasimuo
m-mi(III/IV) -hasimuo -hasimuyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -hasimulo -hasimuyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -hasimucho -hasimuvyo
n(IX/X) -hasimuyo -hasimuzo
u(XI) -hasimuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -hasimuko
pa(XVI) -hasimupo
mu(XVIII) -hasimumo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hasimu)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yehasimu -ohasimu
m-mi(III/IV) -ohasimu -yohasimu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lohasimu -yohasimu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chohasimu -vyohasimu
n(IX/X) -yohasimu -zohasimu
u(XI) -ohasimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kohasimu
pa(XVI) -pohasimu
mu(XVIII) -mohasimu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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