hifadhi

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Swahili

Etymology

From Arabic حَفِظَ (ḥafiẓa).

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Noun

hifadhi (n class, plural hifadhi)

  1. a protected area, a sanctuary
  2. a protection
    Weka chini ya hifadhi
    Protect

Verb

-hifadhi (infinitive kuhifadhi)

  1. to preserve, keep, save, guard, secure

Conjugation

Conjugation of -hifadhi
Positive present -nahifadhi
Subjunctive -hifadhi
Negative -hifadhi
Imperative singular hifadhi
Infinitives
Positive kuhifadhi
Negative kutohifadhi
Imperatives
Singular hifadhi
Plural hifadhini
Tensed forms
Habitual huhifadhi
Positive past positive subject concord + -lihifadhi
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuhifadhi
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahifadhi)
Singular Plural
1st person ninahifadhi/nahifadhi tunahifadhi
2nd person unahifadhi mnahifadhi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anahifadhi wanahifadhi
other classes positive subject concord + -nahifadhi
Negative present (negative subject concord + -hifadhi)
Singular Plural
1st person sihifadhi hatuhifadhi
2nd person huhifadhi hamhifadhi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hahifadhi hawahifadhi
other classes negative subject concord + -hifadhi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tahifadhi
Negative future negative subject concord + -tahifadhi
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hifadhi)
Singular Plural
1st person nihifadhi tuhifadhi
2nd person uhifadhi mhifadhi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahifadhi wahifadhi
other classes positive subject concord + -hifadhi
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sihifadhi
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngehifadhi
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singehifadhi
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalihifadhi
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalihifadhi
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahifadhi)
Singular Plural
1st person nahifadhi twahifadhi
2nd person wahifadhi mwahifadhi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahifadhi wahifadhi
m-mi(III/IV) wahifadhi yahifadhi
ji-ma(V/VI) lahifadhi yahifadhi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chahifadhi vyahifadhi
n(IX/X) yahifadhi zahifadhi
u(XI) wahifadhi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwahifadhi
pa(XVI) pahifadhi
mu(XVIII) mwahifadhi
Perfect positive subject concord + -mehifadhi
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshahifadhi
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jahifadhi
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kihifadhi
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipohifadhi
Consecutive kahifadhi / positive subject concord + -kahifadhi
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kahifadhi
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nihifadhi -tuhifadhi
2nd person -kuhifadhi -wahifadhi/-kuhifadhini/-wahifadhini
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mhifadhi -wahifadhi
m-mi(III/IV) -uhifadhi -ihifadhi
ji-ma(V/VI) -lihifadhi -yahifadhi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kihifadhi -vihifadhi
n(IX/X) -ihifadhi -zihifadhi
u(XI) -uhifadhi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuhifadhi
pa(XVI) -pahifadhi
mu(XVIII) -muhifadhi
Reflexive -jihifadhi
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hifadhi- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -hifadhiye -hifadhio
m-mi(III/IV) -hifadhio -hifadhiyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -hifadhilo -hifadhiyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -hifadhicho -hifadhivyo
n(IX/X) -hifadhiyo -hifadhizo
u(XI) -hifadhio see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -hifadhiko
pa(XVI) -hifadhipo
mu(XVIII) -hifadhimo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hifadhi)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yehifadhi -ohifadhi
m-mi(III/IV) -ohifadhi -yohifadhi
ji-ma(V/VI) -lohifadhi -yohifadhi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chohifadhi -vyohifadhi
n(IX/X) -yohifadhi -zohifadhi
u(XI) -ohifadhi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kohifadhi
pa(XVI) -pohifadhi
mu(XVIII) -mohifadhi
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

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