hodhi

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Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic أَخَذَ (ʔaḵaḏa).

Verb

-hodhi (infinitive kuhodhi)

  1. to monopolize
  2. to hoard, accumulate
Conjugation
Conjugation of -hodhi
Positive present -nahodhi
Subjunctive -hodhi
Negative -hodhi
Imperative singular hodhi
Infinitives
Positive kuhodhi
Negative kutohodhi
Imperatives
Singular hodhi
Plural hodhini
Tensed forms
Habitual huhodhi
Positive past positive subject concord + -lihodhi
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuhodhi
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahodhi)
Singular Plural
1st person ninahodhi/nahodhi tunahodhi
2nd person unahodhi mnahodhi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anahodhi wanahodhi
other classes positive subject concord + -nahodhi
Negative present (negative subject concord + -hodhi)
Singular Plural
1st person sihodhi hatuhodhi
2nd person huhodhi hamhodhi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hahodhi hawahodhi
other classes negative subject concord + -hodhi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tahodhi
Negative future negative subject concord + -tahodhi
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hodhi)
Singular Plural
1st person nihodhi tuhodhi
2nd person uhodhi mhodhi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahodhi wahodhi
other classes positive subject concord + -hodhi
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sihodhi
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngehodhi
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singehodhi
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalihodhi
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalihodhi
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahodhi)
Singular Plural
1st person nahodhi twahodhi
2nd person wahodhi mwahodhi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahodhi wahodhi
m-mi(III/IV) wahodhi yahodhi
ji-ma(V/VI) lahodhi yahodhi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chahodhi vyahodhi
n(IX/X) yahodhi zahodhi
u(XI) wahodhi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwahodhi
pa(XVI) pahodhi
mu(XVIII) mwahodhi
Perfect positive subject concord + -mehodhi
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshahodhi
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jahodhi
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kihodhi
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipohodhi
Consecutive kahodhi / positive subject concord + -kahodhi
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kahodhi
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nihodhi -tuhodhi
2nd person -kuhodhi -wahodhi/-kuhodhini/-wahodhini
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mhodhi -wahodhi
m-mi(III/IV) -uhodhi -ihodhi
ji-ma(V/VI) -lihodhi -yahodhi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kihodhi -vihodhi
n(IX/X) -ihodhi -zihodhi
u(XI) -uhodhi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuhodhi
pa(XVI) -pahodhi
mu(XVIII) -muhodhi
Reflexive -jihodhi
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hodhi- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -hodhiye -hodhio
m-mi(III/IV) -hodhio -hodhiyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -hodhilo -hodhiyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -hodhicho -hodhivyo
n(IX/X) -hodhiyo -hodhizo
u(XI) -hodhio see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -hodhiko
pa(XVI) -hodhipo
mu(XVIII) -hodhimo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hodhi)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yehodhi -ohodhi
m-mi(III/IV) -ohodhi -yohodhi
ji-ma(V/VI) -lohodhi -yohodhi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chohodhi -vyohodhi
n(IX/X) -yohodhi -zohodhi
u(XI) -ohodhi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kohodhi
pa(XVI) -pohodhi
mu(XVIII) -mohodhi
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
Derived terms

Noun

hodhi class IX (no plural)

  1. monopoly
    uchumi hodhi wa serikali ― government monopoly economy
    • 2022, Muungano wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar: Chimbuko, Misingi na Maendeleo, Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, →ISBN:
      […] yalibadilisha mfumo wa uchumi wa nchi kutoka uchumi hodhi kuwa uchumi wa soko, […]
      transformed the country's economic system from a monopoly economy to a market economy, 
  2. holding
    kampuni hodhi ― holding company

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic حَوْض (ḥawḍ).

Noun

hodhi class IX (plural hodhi class X)

  1. bathtub
  2. reservoir
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