око
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "oko"
Bulgarian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.
Pronunciation
Noun
око́ • (okó) n (relational adjective о́чен)
Declension
Carpathian Rusyn
Etymology
Inherited from Old Ruthenian о́ко (óko), from Proto-Slavic *oko.
Noun
око • (oko)
Macedonian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.
Pronunciation
Noun
око • (oko) n (plural очи, relational adjective очен, diminutive окце or оче, augmentative очиште)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | око (oko) | очи (oči) |
| definite unspecified | окото (okoto) | очите (očite) |
| definite proximal | оково (okovo) | очиве (očive) |
| definite distal | оконо (okono) | очине (očine) |
| vocative | око (oko) | очи (oči) |
Derived terms
References
- “око” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) − drmj.eu
Old Church Slavonic
Alternative forms
- Glagolitic: ⱁⰽⱁ (oko)
- ꙩко (oko) (with monocular o) (with ꙫчи (oči) (dual with binocular o) and ꙭчи (oči) (dual with double monocular o))
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.
Noun
око • (oko) n
Declension
Declension of око (irregular s-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | око oko |
очи oči |
очеса očesa |
| genitive | очесе, ока očese, oka |
очью, очию očĭju, očiju |
очесъ očesŭ |
| dative | очеси, окоу očesi, oku |
очима očima |
очесьмъ očesĭmŭ |
| accusative | око oko |
очи oči |
очеса očesa |
| instrumental | очесьмь, окомь očesĭmĭ, okomĭ |
очима očima |
очесꙑ očesy |
| locative | очесе, оцѣ, очеси očese, ocě, očesi |
очью, очию očĭju, očiju |
очесьхъ očesĭxŭ |
| vocative | око oko |
очи oči |
очеса očesa |
The singular takes o-stem or s-stem endings, the dual takes mostly i-stem endings, and the plural takes s-stem endings. Halla-aho considers the dual forms a remnant of an original i-stem which later became an s-stem, but Derksen reconstructs the Proto-Slavic form as an o-stem instead.
See also
- многоочитый (mnogoočityj)
- многоꙮчитїй (mnogoočitij)
References
- Cejtlin, R.M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, E., editors (1994), “око”, in Staroslavjanskij slovarʹ (po rukopisjam X—XI vekov) [Old Church Slavonic Dictionary (Based on 10–11th Century Manuscripts)], Moscow: Russkij jazyk
- Hauptova Z., editor (1958–1997), “око”, in Slovník jazyka staroslověnského (Lexicon linguae palaeoslovenicae), Prague: Euroslavica
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Halla-aho, Jussi (2006) Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic (Slavica Helsingiensia; 26), Helsinki: University of Helsinki
Old East Slavic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.
Noun
око (oko) n
Descendants
References
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902) “око”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 2 (Л – П), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 642
Old Ruthenian
Alternative forms
- во́ко (vóko)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.
Noun
око • (oko) n inan (genitive plural о́чи)
Descendants
- Belarusian: во́ка (vóka)
- Carpathian Rusyn: о́ко (óko), во́ко (vóko)
- Ukrainian: о́ко (óko), во́ко (vóko); го́ко (hóko) (dialectal)
Further reading
- Tymchenko, E. K., editor (1930), “воко; око”, in Історичний словник українського язика [Historical Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1, number 1 (А – Г), Kharkiv, Kyiv: State Publishing House of Ukraine, page 294
- Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1978), “*око¹”, in Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Н – Ѳ), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 78
- Bulyka, A. M., editor (2002), “око, воко”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 22 (оддыханье – ость), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 136
- Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1997), “воко; око”, in Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 4 (весь – вправѣ), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 197
- Tymchenko, E. K. (2003) “око”, in Nimchuk, V. V., editor, Матеріали до словника писемної та книжної української мови XV–XVIII ст. [Materials for the Dictionary of the Written and Book Ukrainian Language of 15ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (О – Я), Kyiv, New York: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S., →ISBN, page 32
Pannonian Rusyn
Etymology
Inherited from Old Slovak oko, from Proto-Slavic *oko. Cognates include Carpathian Rusyn о́ко (óko), во́ко (vóko) and Slovak oko.
Pronunciation
Noun
око (oko) n (diminutive очичко, augmentative очиско, related adjective оков or очни)
- eye
- маче око ― mače oko ― cat's eye
- оч до оч ― oč do oč ― eye-to-eye
Declension
Declension of око
Derived terms
adjectives
adverbs
- вочи (voči)
nouns
- очивидец m pers (očividec)
Further reading
- Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “око”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
- Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “eye”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 109
Russian
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic око (oko), from Proto-Slavic *oko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.
Pronunciation
Noun
о́ко • (óko) n inan (genitive о́ка, nominative plural о́чи*, genitive plural оче́й*) (* о́чи is actually an old nominative dual form for neuter nouns.)
Declension
Declension of о́ко (inan neut-form velar-stem accent-e irreg)
Derived terms
- о́чный (óčnyj)
- очеви́дный (očevídnyj)
- неочеви́дный (neočevídnyj), очеви́дность f (očevídnostʹ)
- очеви́дец m anim (očevídec), очеви́дица f anim (očevídica)
- очко́ n (očkó)
- очко́вый (očkóvyj)
- одноочко́вый (odnoočkóvyj), двухочко́вый (dvuxočkóvyj), трёхочко́вый (trjoxočkóvyj)
- очкова́ть impf (očkovátʹ), очкану́ть pf (očkanútʹ), очку́н m anim (očkún)
- очко́вый (očkóvyj)
- очки́ m pl (očkí)
- многоо́кий (mnogoókij)
- воо́чию (voóčiju)
- окоём m (okojóm)
Related terms
- окно́ n (oknó)
- око́нный (okónnyj), подоко́нник m (podokónnik)
See also
- о́чень (óčenʹ)
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “око”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “око”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 594
Further reading
- око in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.
Noun
о̏ко n (Latin spelling ȍko)
Declension
Declension of око
Further reading
- “око”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
- “око”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
- “око”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
Etymology 2
Preposition
о̏ко (Latin spelling ȍko) (+ genitive case)
- around, about, approximately
- Заплијењено је око 45 кг. ― Approximately 45 kg was seized.
Further reading
- “око”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
- “око”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
Ukrainian
| Picture dictionary | |
|---|---|
|
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Ruthenian о́ко (óko), from Proto-Slavic *oko.
Noun
о́ко • (óko) n inan (genitive о́ка, nominative plural о́чі, genitive plural оче́й, relational adjective о́чний)
Usage notes
The genitive singular, о́ка (óka), is used after the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
Declension
Declension of о́ко (inan velar neut-form accent-e irreg-plstem)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish اوقه.
Noun
о́ко • (óko) n inan (genitive о́ка, nominative plural о́ка, genitive plural ок or вік)
- (archaic) oka: A unit of weight, approximately 1.2 kg.
- (archaic) oka: A measure for alcoholic beverages, approximately 1-1.5 liters.
Declension
Declension of о́ко (inan velar neut-form accent-a)
Further reading
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2003), “о́ко”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 4 (Н – П), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 170
- Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1907–1909), “о́ко”, in Словарь украинского языка [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Russian), Kyiv: Kievskaya starina
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “око”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “око”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- “око”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)
- “око”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “око”, in Словник.ua (in Ukrainian)