oko

Barasana

Noun

oko

1. water
2. rain

Derived terms

• oko sohe
• oko uhu
• kuma oko

References

• 1982, Hugh-Jones, Barasana Cosmology, in Ethnoastronomy and archaeoastronomy in the American tropics: oko sohe "the east (literally: the water door)", kuma oko "summer rain (by extension, any heavy rain)", oko uhu "master of water: the egret"

Carapana

Noun

oko

1. water

References

• Ronald G. Metzger, The Morpheme KA- of Carapana (Tucanoan)

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech oko, from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: oko

Noun

oko n

1. (anatomy) eye

   zmizet z očí ― to disappear from sight

   Otevřela oči. ― She opened her eyes.

2. (card games) twenty-one, pontoon
3. tarn
4. eye (center of a storm)

Usage notes

• The plural of definition 1 takes the dual form, which changes the gender from neuter to feminine (seen in agreement, for example "modré oči" – "blue eyes").

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• oko in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• oko in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• oko in Internetová jazyková příručka

Edo

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

oko

1. something parceled for certain purposes like gift giving, etc.; parcel

References

Esperanto

Etymology

ok (“8”) +‎ -o (“noun”)

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key):
• Rhymes: -oko
• Hyphenation: o‧ko

Noun

oko (accusative singular okon, plural okoj, accusative plural okojn)

1. a number or numeral 8
2. eightsome, a set of eight of something

   la kera oko

   the eight of hearts

Derived terms

• bitoko (“byte”)

See also

Playing cards in Esperanto · ludkartoj (layout · text)
aso	duo	trio	kvaro	kvino	seso	sepo
oko	naŭo	deko	fanto, bubo	damo	reĝo	ĵokero

Guaraní

Noun

oko

1. home

Gun

Etymology 1

Cognates include Fon kò, Adja eko (“clay-like soil”)

Alternative forms

• kò

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ō.kò/

Noun

okò (plural okò lɛ́ or okò lẹ́)

1. clay

Etymology 2

Cognates include Fon ko, Saxwe Gbe oko

Alternative forms

• ko

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ō.kō/

Numeral

oko

1. twenty

Adjective

oko

1. twenty

Related terms

Japanese

Romanization

oko

1. Rōmaji transcription of おこ

Kari'na

Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *atjôkô.

Pronunciation

• (Venezuela, West Suriname) IPA^(key):
• (East Suriname) IPA^(key):

Numeral

oko (nominalized okono)

1. two

References

• Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎, Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 107
• Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “oko”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 330; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes‎, Paris, 1956, page 323

Koreguaje

Noun

oko

1. water

References

• Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968), page 181

Mayo

Noun

oko

1. pine

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

oko

1. (obsolete) past plural of aka

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈoko/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈoko/

Noun

oko n

1. eye
2. sight, look, gaze
3. round formation on an object; hole; spot resembling an eye
4. bulge on a plant resembling an eye

Declension

Descendants

• Czech: oko

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “oko”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /ɔkɔ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ɔkɔ/

Noun

oko n

1. eye
   • c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie‎, page dv 13:

     Videle ocy moy zbauene tuoie

     Widziele oczy moi zbawienie twoje

2. (in the dual) front of a person; frontside
   • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎, page 820:

     Y odvyazaly gy od slupa, a obroczyvschy gy grzebyetem ku slupv y vzyąly yemv rącze opak albo za szye, y czyagnąly tako sylnye aze oblapyl slup vschythek, yako pyrvey oczyma byl przyvyązan

     [I odwiązali ji od słupa a obrociwszy ji grzebietem ku słupu i wzięli jemu ręce opak albo zasie i ciągnęli ji tako silnie, aże obłapił słup wszytek, jako pirwej oczyma był przywiązan]

3. (figuratively) cognition (ability to reason)
   • 1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 244:

     Darmo podnossy swe oko na wydzenye boga, gen gescze sam syebye poznacz a wydzecz nye umyege

     [Darmo podnosi swe oko na widzenie Boga, jen jeszcze sam siebie poznać a widzieć nie umieje]

4. hole in a net
   • 1879 [1416], Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski, editor, Księga ziemi czerskiej 1404-1425. Liber terrae Cernensis‎, page 76:

     Sex rethe de suberibus bonis valencia dorcas venare, que ad longitudinem XXX passuum vlg. szø[ż]yene ne nayedrzonech debent habere, et XIIII oculos vlg. na *dztyrnacze ok

     [Sex rethe de suberibus bonis valencia dorcas venare, que ad longitudinem XXX passuum vlg. są[ż]enie nie najedrzonych debent habere, et XIIII oculos vlg. na cztyrnacie ok]

Derived terms

Descendants

• Masurian: ôko
• Polish: oko
• Silesian: ôko

References

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “oko”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “oko”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “oko”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

oko

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish oko.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔ.kɔ/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈɔ.kɔ/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔkɔ
• Syllabification: o‧ko

Noun

oko n (diminutive oczko, augmentative oczysko)

1. (countable, anatomy) eye (vision organ)

   Synonym: źrenica

2. (uncountable, colloquial) sight (ability to see)

   Synonym: wzrok

3. (chiefly in the plural) eyes (gaze, manner of looking)

   Synonym: spojrzenie

4. (countable) eye (manner of seeing that expresses one's emotions i.e. through art)
5. (uncountable) eye (supervision or guarding)
6. (countable) eye (anything round)
7. (countable) eye (part of a camera)

   Synonyms: ślepie, ślepię

8. (obsolete, countable) unit of weight equal to three pounds
9. (obsolete, uncountable) presence, countenance
10. (Middle Polish, games) point on a game die
11. (Middle Polish) eye (colorful circle on a peacock's tail)
12. (Middle Polish, botany) bud of a shoot of a plant transplanted to another plant

    Hypernym: pączek

Declension

Note: ócz and oczów are rare or archaically stylistic.

Derived terms

Noun

oko n

1. (chiefly in the plural) layer of fat or lard on top of a liquid
2. (countable) hole of a net
3. (uncountable, card games) blackjack

   Synonym: blackjack

4. (uncountable, sailing, colloquial) observation duty on the bow of a ship
5. (uncountable, sailing, colloquial) sailor performing such a duty
6. (countable, meteorology) eye of a cyclone
7. (dialectal) tarn
8. shiny surface of water

Declension

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), oko is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 32 times in scientific texts, 7 times in news, 14 times in essays, 158 times in fiction, and 84 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 295 times, making it the 171st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

Further reading

• oko in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• oko in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “oko”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “OKO”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2023 July 12
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “oko”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “oko”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “oko”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 737
• oko in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Secoya

Alternative forms

• oco

Noun

oko

1. water

References

• Linguistic series of the Summer Institute of Linguistics of the University of Oklahoma, issues 5-7 (1961)

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ôko/
• Hyphenation: o‧ko

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Noun

ȍko n (Cyrillic spelling о̏ко)

1. (anatomy) eye

Declension

Etymology 2

Preposition

ȍko (Cyrillic spelling о̏ко) (+ genitive case)

1. around, about, roughly, approximately

   Zaplijenjeno je oko 45 kg. ― Approximately 45 kg was seized.

Noun

oko

1. vocative singular of oka

Siona

Noun

oko

1. water

References

• Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968), page 181

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔkɔ/

Noun

oko n (genitive singular oka, nominative plural oči, oká, genitive plural očí/očú, ôk, declension pattern of mesto)

1. eye
2. sprout on a potato

Declension

Derived terms

• očný
• očisko
• zoči-voči

References

• “oko”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oko.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔkóː/

Noun

okọ̑ n

1. eye
2. sprout
3. (dysphemistic, figuratively) watching person
4. (cooking) hole in cheese
5. (engineering) a hole for securing the material during lifting

Inflection

• All senses except first

• First sense

• The dual is used when referring specifically to both eyes:

  V vojni je izgubil obe očesi. ― He lost both eyes in the war.

• Obsolete or regional

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian ȍko.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔ́ːkɔ/

Noun

ȏko n

1. (only present in phrase od ȏka) eye

Inflection

Derived terms

See also

• uhọ̑

Further reading

• “oko”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “oko”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Tocharian A

Etymology

Related to Tocharian A oko (“id”), but through what manner is uncertain. Probably borrowed from Tocharian B to Tocharian A, in which case ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry, fruit”).

Noun

oko ?

1. fruit

Tocharian B

Etymology

Related to Tocharian A oko (“id”), but through what manner is uncertain. Probably a borrowing from Tocharian B to A. From there, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry, fruit”), making it cognate with Lithuanian úoga, Russian я́года (jágoda), Old English æcern (whence English acorn), etc. Also possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“increase, grow”), in which case cognate with auk- (“to grow”), Lithuanian augti, Latin augeo, etc.

Noun

oko n

1. fruit
2. result, effect, consequence

Derived terms

• okotstse (“fruitful”)

Further reading

• Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “oko”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 115

Tsou

Noun

oko

1. child; kid

Tucano

Noun

okó

1. water

References

• Estudios tucanos (1979), issue 3, page 16: 'agua' /oko/
• HG

Tuyuca

Noun

okó

1. water

References

• Janet Barnes, notes on Tuyuca in Tucano, in The Amazonian Languages (Robert M. W. Dixon)

Warao

Pronoun

oko (singular iné)

1. we, first person plural nominative pronoun

   Sina sisiko oko narutera.

   With whom will we go.

   Osibu oko yabae nobotuma sina ribuae.

   Some grandfathers said "we fished for morokoto".

See also

• (possessive) ka

References

• Focus, chapter 8: Warao and Urarina

Xhosa

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Pronoun

ôko

1. that; class 15 distal demonstrative.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Pronoun

ôko

1. that; class 17 distal demonstrative.

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Cognate with Igala óko, proposed to be derived from Proto-Yoruboid *ó-ko

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ō.kō/

Noun

oko

1. farm, field

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ò.kò/

Noun

òkò

1. stone; projectile

   Synonym: òkúta

Etymology 3

From Proto-Yoruboid *ó-kó. Compare with dó (“to have sex”), akọ (“male”) and ọkọ (“husband”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ō.kó/

Noun

okó

1. (vulgar) penis

   Synonym: kòkòrò

Coordinate terms

• òbò

Derived terms

• ọkùnrin

References

• Adebayo, Taofeeq (2020) “Some Diachronic Changes in Yoruba Grammar”, in Journal of West African Languages