حلم

Akin to Aramaic חֶלְמָא (ḥelmā), Classical Syriac ܚܠܡܐ (ḥelmā), Hebrew חֲלוֹם (khalóm), Ugaritic 𐎈𐎍𐎎 (ḥlm). For the significations of the root in Arabic, compare م ن ي (m-n-y), whence أُمْنِيَة (ʔumniya, “a wish”) and مَنِيّ (maniyy, “a fluid considered conceptive; semen”).

• IPA^(key): /ħulm/ or IPA^(key): /ħu.lum/

حَلَمَ • (ḥalama) I (non-past يَحْلُمُ (yaḥlumu), verbal noun حُلْم (ḥulm) or حُلُم (ḥulum))

1. (intransitive, transitive) to dream (something) or about (something) while asleep

   Synonyms: اِحْتَلَمَ (iḥtalama), رَأَى (raʔā)

   1. (intransitive, transitive) to muse, reflect, or meditate on ; to vision, to image

      Synonyms: تَخَيَّلَ (taḵayyala), تَصَوَّرَ (taṣawwara)

2. (intransitive) to experience the first seminal ejaculation

   Synonym: اِحْتَلَمَ (iḥtalama)

   1. (intransitive, chiefly of males) to mature physically or sexually; to attain puberty

      Synonym: بَلَغَ (balaḡa)

   2. (intransitive, law, chiefly of males, archaic) to become a legal adult or to be perceived as such

      Synonyms: بَلَغَ (balaḡa), أَدْرَكَ (ʔadraka), رَشَدَ (rašada), عَقَلَ (ʕaqala), مَيَّزَ (mayyaza)

حَلُمَ • (ḥaluma) I (non-past يَحْلُمُ (yaḥlumu), verbal noun حِلْم (ḥilm))

1. (intransitive, approving) to mature mentally or to be perceived as such; to act or think like an adult
2. (intransitive, approving) to be gentle, forgiving, merciful, or lenient; to be mild-mannered
3. (intransitive, approving) to restrain oneself or to be restrained or checked (especially emotionally and psychologically); to forbear, to refrain, to abstain, to withhold; to be long-suffering, to be patient or enduring; to mellow

حُلْم or حُلُم • (ḥulm or ḥulum) m (plural أَحْلَام (ʔaḥlām))

1. verbal noun of حَلَمَ (ḥalama) (form I): dreaming
2. a dream (something experienced during sleep); vision

   Synonyms: رُؤْيَا (ruʔyā), مَنَام (manām)

   Hyponym: كَابُوس (kābūs, “nightmare”)

3. a wish, a desire, an aspiration; a daydream (something fantasised about or desired)

   Synonyms: مُنْيَة (munya), بُغْيَة (buḡya)

4. utopia

• أَضْغَاثُ أَحْلَامٍ pl (ʔaḍḡāṯu ʔaḥlāmin, “convolutions of dreams”)

حُلُم or حُلْم • (ḥulum or ḥulm) m

1. verbal noun of حَلَمَ (ḥalama) (form I)
2. sexual maturity; puberty
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 24:59:

     وَإِذَا بَلَغَ ٱلْأَطْفَالُ مِنْكُمُ ٱلْحُلُمَ فَلْيَسْتَأْذِنُوا كَمَا ٱسْتَأْذَنَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ

     waʔiḏā balaḡa l-ʔaṭfālu minkumu l-ḥuluma falyastaʔḏinū kamā staʔḏana llaḏīna min qablihim

     And if the children among you reach puberty, they shall ask for permission as those who did before them.

حِلْم • (ḥilm) m (plural حُلُوم (ḥulūm) or أَحْلَام (ʔaḥlām))

1. verbal noun of حَلُمَ (ḥaluma) (form I)
2. (approving) mental, psychological, or comportmental maturity; prudence; rationality; discretion

   Synonyms: عَقْل (ʕaql), حِكْمَة (ḥikma)

3. (approving) being long-suffering, self-restraint; forbearance, longanimity
   • Al-Shafi'i

     يُخَاطِبُنِي السَّفِيهُ بِكُلِّ قُبْحٍ / فَأَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَكُونَ لَهُ مُجِيبًا
     يَزِيدُ سَفَاهَةً فَأَزِيدُ حِلْمًا / كَعُودٍ زَادَهُ الْإِحْرَاقُ طِيبًا

     yuḵāṭibuni s-safīhu bikulli qubḥin / faʔakrahu ʔan ʔakūna lahū mujīban
     yazīdu safāhatan faʔazīdu ḥilman / kaʕūdin zādahu l-ʔiḥrāqu ṭīban

     The fool would spew a lot of ugliness and filth, / And I should hate to be the one who answers him. / He grows more foolish; I grow more and more restrained, / Like incense burning with increasing fragrances.

حَلَم • (ḥalam) m (collective, singulative حَلَمَة f (ḥalama))

1. tick(s), mite(s)
2. (anatomy) nipple(s), teat(s)
3. callous-leaved gromwell (Moltkiopsis ciliata)

• حَلَمِيّ (ḥalamiyy)
• حُلَيْمَة (ḥulayma)
  • حُلَيْمِيّ (ḥulaymiyy)

Borrowed from Arabic حِلْم (ḥilm).

حلم • (helm) (plural حلوم (holum))

1. meekness, mildness
2. submissiveness, docility
3. forbearance, mansuetude
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3794:

     که نیم کوهم ز حلم و صبر و داد
     کوه را کی در رباید تند باد

     kah niyam kōh-am za hilm u sabr u dād
     kōh rā kay dar rubāyad tund bād

     I am not a straw, I am a mountain of forbearance and patience and justice:
     how should the fierce wind carry off the mountain?”

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “حلم”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

From Arabic حَلَمَ (ḥalama).

• IPA^(key): /ħi.lim/,

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

حلم • (ḥilim) I (present بحلم (biḥlam))

1. to dream

From Arabic حُلْم (ḥulm).

• IPA^(key): /ħulm/,

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

حلم • (ḥilm, ḥulm) m (plural أحلام (ʔaḥlām))

1. dream

From Arabic حُلْم (ḥulm).

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɦʊlm/

حُلْم • (hulm) m (formal plural احلام, Hindi spelling हुल्म)

1. dream, imagination

Borrowed from Classical Persian حِلْم (hilm)

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɦɪlm/

حِلْم • (hilm) m (Hindi spelling हिल्म)

1. forbearance, toleration, patience

• “حلم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “حلم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.