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U+4EF0, 仰
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EF0

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 9, +4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人竹女中 (OHVL), four-corner 27220, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 94, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 400
  • Dae Jaweon: page 199, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 125, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4EF0

Chinese

Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script


References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ŋaŋʔ, *ŋaŋs) : semantic (person) + phonetic (OC *ŋaːŋ, *ŋaŋʔ).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation


Note: ngong5 - vernacular (also written as ).
Note: literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /iɑŋ²¹⁴/
Harbin /iaŋ²¹³/
Tianjin /iɑŋ¹³/
Jinan /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /iaŋ⁵³/
Xi'an /niaŋ⁵³/
/iaŋ⁵³/
Xining /iɔ̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /iɑŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /iɑ̃⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /iɑŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /iaŋ⁴²/
Chengdu /iaŋ⁵³/
Guiyang /niaŋ⁴²/
Kunming /niã̠⁵³/
Nanjing /liaŋ²¹²/
Hefei /iɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /iɒ̃⁵³/
Pingyao /iɑŋ⁵³/
Hohhot /iɑ̃⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ȵiã³⁵/
/ȵiã²³/
Suzhou /ȵiã⁵¹/
Hangzhou /ȵiɑŋ⁵³/
Wenzhou /ȵi³⁵/
Hui Shexian /nia³⁵/
Tunxi /ȵiau³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ȵian⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ȵian⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /ȵiɔŋ²¹³/
Hakka Meixian
Taoyuan /ŋioŋ³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jœŋ²³/
Nanning /jœŋ²⁴/
Hong Kong /jœŋ¹³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /giɔŋ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /nyoŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ŋiɔŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /ŋiaŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /niaŋ²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (31)
Final () (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ngjangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋɨɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋɨaŋX/
Li
Rong
/ŋiaŋX/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭaŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯aŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yǎng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
joeng5
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yǎng
Middle
Chinese
‹ ngjangX ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.ŋaŋʔ/
English lift the face, look up

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 31
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋaŋʔ/

Definitions

  1. to raise the head to look
  2. to look up to; to admire
  3. to face upward; to flip
  4. to trace back
  5. Used in official documents in the old days; shows deference to a superior, and hope to a subordinate.
  6. a surname
Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of to raise the head to look): ()

Compounds

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation


Note:
  • yǎng - Mainland and Taiwan standard;
  • yàng - obsolete.
Note: vernacular.

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (31)
Final () (105)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ngjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋɨaŋH/
Li
Rong
/ŋiaŋH/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭaŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
joeng6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 33
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
𨋕
Old
Chinese
/*ŋaŋs/

Definitions

  1. to rely on

Compounds

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Alternative form of (high)

Compounds

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (Hakka) how

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. face-up
  2. look up
  3. depend
  4. seek
  5. respect
  6. revere
  7. drink
  8. take

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

(eum (ang))

  1. to raise the head to look
  2. to look up; to rely on; to admire

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: ngưỡng, ngẳng, ngẵng, ngãng, khưỡng, ngẩng, ngẫng, ngửng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References